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In this paper, I interpret the story of the Apostle Paul&rsquo ; s circumcision of Timothy in the New Testament text The Acts of the Apostles (16:1&ndash ; 5) from a womanist perspective. My approach is intersectional and inter(con)textual. I construct a hermeneutical dialogue between African American women&rsquo ; s experiences of race/racism, respectability politics, and the Acts&rsquo ; narrative. In conversation with critical race theorists Naomi Zack, Barbara and Karen Fields, and black feminist E. Frances White, I discuss the intersection of race/racism, gender, geopolitical Diasporic space, and the burden and failure of respectability politics. Respectability politics claim that when non-white people adopt and exhibit certain proper behaviors, the reward will be respect, acceptance, and equality in the white dominated society, thereby ameliorating or overcoming race/racism. Race and racism are modern constructions that I employ heuristically and metaphorically as analytical categories for discussing the rhetorical distinctions made between Jews and Greeks/Gentiles, Timothy&rsquo ; s bi-racial status, and to facilitate comparative dialogue between Acts and African American women&rsquo ; s experiences with race and racism. I argue that Paul engages in respectability politics by compelling Timothy to be circumcised because of his Greek father and despite the Jerusalem Council&rsquo ; s decision that Gentile believers will not be required to be circumcised.

The victory of Las Navas de Tolosa was of profound significance to Pope Innocent iii. It came after a long period of intensive papal activity in Spain. We can only understand Innocent iii's actions during the campaign by looking first of all at the actions of his predecessors over a long period of time. Innocent built on a long tradition of aiming to secure peace between the Christian kingdoms in the Iberian Peninsula, combined with the reform of the Church and the promotion of the military and religious orders. But Christian divisions and a lack of military success, either in Spain or the Holy Land, meant that the papacy was sometimes hesitant to commit itself to campaigns against the Almohads ; La victoria de las Navas de Tolosa era de enorme importancia para el Papa Inocencio iii. Se produjo después de un largo periodo de intensa actividad papal en España. Sólo podemos comprender las acciones de Inocencio iii durante esa lucha armada si consideramos en primer lugar las acciones de sus predecesores a lo largo de mucho tiempo. Inocencio se basaba en una larga tradición de intentos de asegurar la paz entre los reinos cristianos en la Península Ibérica, junto con los esfuerzos en la reforma de la Iglesia y la promoción de las órdenes militares y religiosas. Pero las divisiones entre los cristianos y la falta de éxito militar, ya sea en España o en Tierra Santa, significan que el papado se mostraba a veces indeciso para comprometerse en las luchas contra los almohades.

in July 2012 the European Parliament defeated the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA). Supposedly the attempt to impose global norms on intellectual property rights and thereby restrictive digital copyright was dead. Was it? This paper covers that the spirit of ACTA may live on in a host of other trade agreements currently being negotiated. That is, ACTA, or even more restrictive versions of it, could be imposed through the back door at least upon weaker states through bilateral agreements with the United States and the European Union. The result could be a spaghetti bowl of rules on digital copyright with some countries ordering more digital rights, online freedom, and privacy than others. In July 2012, the European Parliament rejected the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA). This supposedly ended the attempt to impose global standards on intellectual property rights and to restrict copyright in the digital environment. This is at least what we believed. This test argues that the spirit of ACTA may still be found in a range of other trade agreements under negotiation. I.e. ACTA or even more restrictive versions could be imposed in catimini, at least on weaker states, through bilateral agreements with the US and the EU. The result could be a blurring of digital copyright rules while some countries could benefit more than others from digital rights and online freedom and confidentiality. ; In July 2012 the European Parliament defeated the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA). Supposedly the attempt to impose global norms on intellectual property rights and thereby restrict digital copyright was dead. Or was it? This paper argues that the spirit of ACTA may live on in a host of other trade agreements currently being negotiated. That is, ACTA, or even more restrictive versions of it, could be imposed through the back door at least upon weaker states through bilateral agreements with the United States and the European Union. The result could be a spaghetti bowl of rules on digital copyright with ...

There is no rule book for creating, implementing and sustaining a successful social intervention. Hundreds, if not thousands, of now-defunct social programs attest to this reality. These programs may have succeeded in identifying a social need, a cogent and sometimes creative way of meeting that need, and some capacity (both financial and operational) to launch the effort.These are necessary elements -- but not sufficient ones. The social policy field does not consistently recognize or reward good ideas. Success is often as much a product of unusual circumstances -- confluence of the right time, the right idea and the right people -- as it is a result of inherent program quality and effectiveness.The Amachi program is a prime illustration of the unpredictable nature of success in the social policy arena. Its success resulted from a nearly unique blend of factors -- Public/Private Ventures (P/PV), which had been studying the issue of relationships as a way of helping young people for almost two decades; the Pew Charitable Trusts' interest in the potential of faith-based organizations to meet social needs; the well-known academic John DiIulio, who was looking for practical ways to put Pew's interest into action; a source of stabilizing program knowledge (Big Brothers Big Sisters of America); and finally a leader, W. Wilson Goode, Sr., whose combination of personal contacts, managerial knowledge and experience, and dedication to the idea of Amachi was decisive in making the program a success locally, and later nationally.Politics also played a role: the election of a president (in 2000) interested in faith-based initiatives; DiIulio's role in steering the president's attention to Amachi during its early days in Philadelphia; and the way that attention led to a sustained national focus (with federal program funding) on the target group Amachi was designed to serve: children of prisoners. The interplay of these factors -- along with good luck and good timing -- is in many ways the core of the Amachi story, which is detailed in the pages that follow.

A letter from Herkimer County Democratic Committee Chairman and Herkimer lawyer Adam J. Smith to Dunham Jones Crain regarding an agricultural report for southern Herkimer County.

A letter from Herkimer lawyer Adam J. Smith to Dunham Jones Crain regarding calls for the Democratic Covention.

A letter from Herkimer County Democratic Committee Chairman and lawyer Adam J Smith to Dunham Jones Crain regarding calls for the Democratic Covention.

A letter from Democratic Executive Committee Chairman and lawyer Adam J Smith to Dunham Jones Crain regarding local elections.

A letter from Democratic Execute Committee Chairman Adam J. Smith to Dunham Jones Crain requesting him to encourage all the Democrats in the Herkimer County to vote.

A letter from Herkimer County Democratic Committee Chairman and lawyer Adam J Smith to Dunham Jones Crain regarding local naturalization for citizens.

Smith-Hefner reviews 'Fantasizing the Feminine in Indonesia' edited by Laurie J. Sears.

Often portrayed as a period bound by the dogma of slavish obedience to the diktats of reason and progress, the Age of Enlightenment is revealed by this profound analysis to have been riddled with skeptical attitudes and characters, even in the Enlightenment's most codified locations, such as Germany. Most philosophers of the period are still widely regarded today as having been dominated by a core triple nexus of optimism, dogmatism and rationalism, and despite a growing body of literature exploring the features of their work that could be regarded as informed by skepticism, this unrivaled survey points up the deficiencies of the former. This volume, then, offers an exploration of the impact of skepticism in both its historic and geographic dimensions, providing readers with a reevaluation of the role played by skepticism itself. The detailed narrative covers every identifiable instance of skepticism in the Eighteenth Century, tracing its influence of thought on major British, French and German philosophers, and including lesser-known figures whose contemporary influence requires their inclusion in a comprehensive study such as this. This volume, then, offers an exploration of the impact of skepticism in both its historic and geographic dimensions, providing readers with a reevaluation of the role played by skepticism itself. The detailed narrative covers every identifiable instance of skepticism in the Eighteenth Century, tracing its influence of thought on major British, French and German philosophers, and including lesser-known figures whose contemporary influence requires their inclusion in a comprehensive study such as this