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Resumo Aproximar vivência e criação de si explorando suas relações será um dos objetivos deste artigo, bem como elucidar a capacidade humana de dotar de sentido suas vivências, o que também não deixa de ser uma atitude artística perante a própria existência.

Pretendemos, neste texto, inicialmente explorar as três formas do niilismo psicológico apontadas por Nietzsche. Para o pensador alemão, o niilismo era inescapável, dados os ideais valorizados na época que o acarretavam como conseqüência necessária. A busca incessante pela verdade levaria invariavelmente ao advento do niilismo em sua forma consumada. Parafraseando Nietzsche, poderíamos afirmar que a humanidade se empenhou numa milenar educação para a verdade que, finalmente, se proíbe crer em sua existência mesma. Durante o texto faz-se uma breve exposição sobre a transição que marca o suposto abandono dos ideais religiosos em prol dos ideais científicos e indica-se como, no fundo, mantiveram-se os mesmos fundamentos. A busca pela verdade obriga-se, em última instância, a questionar o valor mesmo da verdade. Em meio a essas investigações exploramos, ainda, de modo muito breve, alguns aspectos fisiológicos ensejadores/ decorrentes do niilismo.

A concise guide for those who need to understand the basics of healthcare economics but who do not want to wade through a specialist text. This new edition includes updated material on the NICE appraisal process and new sections on health technology assessment in the USA and the key role of ICER.

Working memory (WM) is inherently dynamic and complex, being a multi-faceted system that links storage and processing components; yet it is widely understood as internal. Hence, in second language (L2) research, its connection to complex dynamic systems theory (CDST) remains underspecified. This paper seeks to bridge a gap between CDST and WM in L2 research. First, definitions of WM are reviewed, along with evidence for its relationship to L2 outcomes. Next, a brief overview of CDST highlights its metatheoretical and methodological implications. Three perspectives are presented to illustrate how WM can be viewed in terms of major tenets in CDST. These consider WM effects as: (1) context-dependent, (2) interrelated with those of other variables, and (3) amenable to change across the lifespan. Despite this reappraisal, numerous challenges remain. Thus, in addition to noting research opportunities, the paper also considers measurement issues, such as the determination of boundaries and selection of appropriate timescales. In closing, while WM studies have shown its influence on L2 proficiency and processing, to more fully understand its dynamic nature, what is needed is further research on the reciprocal influences of bilingual development and changes in WM components, such as control of attention.

European politics is increasingly being contested along two dimensions: the economic left-right dimension and a relatively new dimension focused on European integration and immigration. We test this framework at the party and individual-levels in the European Union. First, we use the Chapel Hill Expert Survey to demonstrate that there is no simple relationship between these dimensions at the party level in many European Union countries, and in fact the two dimensions are increasingly orthogonal. We then use the 2019 European Elections Study to show that the transnational-nationalist dimension significantly improves vote choice models relative to models that ignore this dimension. Even more striking, the transnational-nationalist dimension is not just significant, but actually improves vote choice models as much or more than the economic left-right dimension.

Through a mixed methods research design, we address normative aspects of news recommendation engines by examining whether search personalisation and news diversity are evident on Google News in the UK. Firstly, in a quasi-experimental design, we asked a diverse set of participants (N=78) to search Google News using four search terms and report the first five articles recommended for each term. We found little evidence of news personalisation, which challenges the claim that news search algorithms contribute to weakened viewpoint diversity. We also found a high degree of homogeneity in news search results, with legacy media brands dominating. Secondly, we conducted a manual content analysis of the articles recommended by Google News for our search terms (N=192), focusing on favourability towards each term. We found that while there was little relationship between the favourability slant of the articles and political leanings of participants, there were two exceptions: self-identified right-wing participants were more likely to see unfavourable stories about 1) immigration, and 2) a left-wing politician. This reopens the question of news search engines' contributions to polarisation and viewpoint diversity for certain news consumers.

Despite the social change ambitions of Paralympic governing bodies and National broadcasters, there is still a shortage of evidence of where public social attitudes stand with respect to disabled bodies, and how these respond to the changing nature of Paralympic broadcasting. Based on a large-scale qualitative audience study across England and Wales, we aim to address this empirical gap. Our findings demonstrate how audiences internalise socially progressive ideas towards disability in line with Channel 4's broadcasting strategy. These include a greater appreciation of Paralympic sport as an elite sporting event, the 'normalisation' of the technologically enhanced disabled body and an awareness of emerging cultural citizenship concerning disability rights-based discourses. Yet, at the same time, we evidence new, potentially damaging stigma hierarchies of disability preference framed by 'ablenational' sentiments. Findings are discussed within ongoing debates around mega sporting events, media audiences and disability biopolitics.