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Abstract.  The main goal of the paper is to address the policy changes that accompany China's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) and evaluate the various impacts of the agreement. To do so, we review the contours of past policies and describe the nature of the promises it has made to the WTO. We show that China's WTO commitments are very much an extension of past policies. Second, we show that most impacts will be relatively minor and in most cases the positive effects will outweigh the negative ones. Various institutions will buffer producers from suffering too much.

This paper analyzes the effect of China's trade liberalization
process on the nation's rural economy. Although some leaders fear there
will be substantial negative effects on China's rural sector and food
security, a closer examination shows that the World Trade Organization
(WTO) accession is part of a longer-term, efficiency-enhancing process
of liberalization and opening to the outside world. When analyzed from
this angle, the impacts of WTO reform, while not trivial, reflect trends
already evident, many of which are positive. For example, while WTO
accession may accelerate price decreases for certain crops, such as wheat
and corn, prices should rise and export opportunities should increase
for commodities such as meats, fruit, and fish. Rural wages in most
sectors that employ rural workers should also rise. Finally, this paper
describes a number of different ways that China and its rural residents
will be able to protect themselves after trade rules are liberalized.

This paper analyzes the effect of the People's Republic of China's trade liberalization process on the nation's rural economy. Although some leaders fear there will be substantial negative effects on China's rural sector & food security, a closer examination shows that the World Trade Organization (WTO) accession is part of a longer-term, efficiency-enhancing process of liberalization & opening to the outside world. When analyzed from this angle, the impacts of WTO reform while not trivial, reflect trends already evident many of which are positive. For example, while WTO accession may accelerate price decreases for certain crops, such as wheat & corn, prices should rise & export opportunities should increase for commodities such as meats, fruit, & fish. Rural wages in most sectors that employ rural workers should also rise. Finally, this paper describes a number of different ways that China & its rural residents will be able to protect themselves after trade rules are liberalized. 2 Tables. Adapted from the source document.

This article provides an overview of China's agricultural biotechnology development policies. Research goals, strategies, priorities, commercialization, and China's organizational framework for agricultural biotechnology development are presented. Included is a description of the evolution of China's biosafety regulations as well as China's research capacity building and public investment--one of the largest public research efforts on agricultural biotechnology in the world. ; "The authors acknowledge the support of the International Service for National Agricultural Research, the Institute of Development Studies of the University of Sussex, and the National Science Foundation of China (70024001)." ; Includes bibliographical references