This study aimed to determine whether or not a correlation between independent expenditure levels and political partisanship in the US House of Representatives exists, using the Congressional sessions from before and after the Citizens United decision to determine if the decision had any effect on political partisanship. Multiple factors were tested to determine levels of correlation and to adjust for any potential exasperating factors. The study concluded that a very strong correlation exists between aggregate levels of independent expenditures and distance between average levels of partisanship for the parties. However, no causal relationship could be established from the data alone, though the causal mechanism was hypothesized for further research.
In recent years, concern over the environmental impacts of natural rubber culti- vation has generated considerable interest in eco-certification, a form of private environ- mental regulation designed to encourage more sustainable land-use practices. This paper explores the emergence and potential sovereignty implications of this approach to envi- ronmental control with an emphasis on the natural rubber industry. I argue that although eco-certification is advocated as a form of networked governance representing a range of political interests, the way certification programs position themselves as transparent and accountable alternatives to state-based regulation potentially serves to delegitimize the role of the state in the arena of environmental regulation.
André Siegfried (1875-1959) was a leading figure in French cultural and academic life for over five decades. Exploring the writer's life, career, and controversies, France in the World examines the entanglement of liberal and racist thinking during the early twentieth century.
Access options:
The following links lead to the full text from the respective local libraries:
The term 'energy transition', typically referring to a transition from a carbon-intensive to a low-carbon economy, has become increasingly prevalent in academic and policy circles over the past few decades. Framing energy transition as a geographic process involving the uneven and at times contradictory reconfiguration of current patterns and scales of social and economic activity, this dissertation highlights the social and political limitations to what is often uncritically cast as a technically and economically feasible transition. This dissertation is comprised of three distinct but related studies that examine energy transitions in three contexts: globally; in Indonesia; and in California. In the context of the global energy transition, I find that the rapid increase in private finance in the global renewable energy sector has led to unprecedented growth of renewable energy generation capacity at unprecedented scales and at lower tariffs than previously thought possible. In both Indonesia and California, however, I find that the growing dominance of large-scale renewable energy projects despite the availability of smaller-scale alternatives suggests that private finance, particularly the influence of financial logic in determining project viability, has produced a particular geography of renewable energy generation that severely limits the potential for radical, systemic, and democratic transformation of the global energy system. By theorizing the relationship between forms and sources of renewable energy finance and the physical manifestation of renewable energy infrastructure, this dissertation offers a valuable counter-argument to the prevailing eco-modernist perspective that currently dominates global energy transition discourse, exemplified by the belief that "most of the new investment in renewables must come from the private sector" (IRENA and CPI, 2018, p. 38). I argue that shifting the responsibility for creating 'bankable' projects away from host governments toward private investors holds the potential to alter the prevailing logic of the global energy transition, which to date has rather myopically emphasized new and ever-larger renewable energy generation over the broader social and ecological benefits an energy transition may otherwise entail.The empirical and theoretical contributions contained within this dissertation build on existing knowledge regarding the uneven political-ecological implications of the energy transition, while serving as a guide for policymakers seeking to manage the energy transition in a way that reduces the carbon-intensity of the economy while being attentive to potential contradictions and perverse outcomes that may result from reliance on particular means of achieving energy transition objectives.
Collective psychology, anti-southern prejudice and constitutional reform in 1930s France : the Stavisky affair and the riots of 6 February 1934 / Kevin Passmore -- Avec une brutalité toute particulière : fascist sympathies, racial violence, and the municipal : police and gendarmerie in Oran, 1936-37 / Samuel Kalman -- The veterans and the extreme right : the Union nationale des combattants, 1927-1936 / Chris Millington -- Pacifism, the fascist temptation and the ligue des droits de l'homme / Norman Ingram -- Right-wing feminism and conservative women's militancy in interwar France / Magali Della Sudda -- Gender, the family, and the fascist temptation : visions of masculinity in the natalist-familialist movement, 1922-1940 / Cheryl A. Koos -- Was there a fascist femininity? : gender and French fascism in political context / Geoff Read -- An overview of women and gender in French fascism / Daniella Sarnoff -- "Our body doesn't have to be ugly" : physical culture, gender, and racial rejuvenation in the Croix de feu/Parti social français / Caroline Campbell -- Defending christian civilization : the evolving message of the Parti social français, 1936-1939 / Sean Kennedy -- Were French elites allergic to fascism? : a study of the reception of the 1930s dictatorships in three French periodicals / Laurent Kestel -- Salvation, satire, and solidarity : right-wing culture in interwar France / Jessica Wardhaugh -- Beyond left and right, and the politics of the Third Republic : a conversation / William D. Irvine
