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AbstractThe shift of responsibility from the state and public authorities to the individual and the local level is one of the most common critiques of resilience policies. Individuals are portrayed as self-responsible entrepreneurs of their own protection. This article proposes a more nuanced reading of this process by arguing that resilience also entails an emancipatory potential. Drawing on an analysis of the German disaster management system and its structural marginalisation of care-dependent people, the article discusses the potential of resilience to make so far neglected needs visible. This visibilisation is the precondition for the recognition and, subsequently, the societal negotiation of the various needs and resources. Recognition and material redistribution may then be the yardstick for assessing the legitimacy of a shift of responsibilities that rests on the appropriate consideration of power, privileges, and abilities of the respective referent object of responsibility. Taking up the Frankfurt School's tradition of immanent critique, security scholars should not restrict themselves to exercise the necessary critique of problematic resilience policies, but engage in carving out how resilience can contribute to freeing rather than burdening the (precarious) individual.

Resilience has been widely criticized for being a neoliberal security paradigm, which causes the responsibilization of individuals while justifying the withdrawal of the state. Recently, however, more and more scholars have called for an affirmative critique beyond the dichotomy of being either for or against resilience. This article formulates such a reading of resilience by turning to controlling processes, which determine the respective potential of individuals and various societal entities to be or to become resilient. Analyzing these controlling processes represents a means to a more nuanced assessment of resilience-thinking itself. In a complex world, knowledge is both local and contextual. Emphasizing the dependence of state structures on local knowledge opens an avenue to subvert the strategic selection bias of state politics, which marginalizes those societal groups who are not able to inscribe their interests into state bureaucracies. Resilience-thinking requires fostering individuals' capabilities to (re)act by enhancing their social and economic resources for action and by building a more inclusive society through dismantling societal barriers and impairments. The article contrasts the theoretical requirements for governing resilience with a German resilience concept in civil protection to depict the lack of theoretical substantiation of current political resilience strategies.

Frontmatter -- Danksagung und Förderung -- Inhalt -- Abbildungsverzeichnis -- I. Grussworte -- Zur Bedeutung von KOPHIS für das Deutsche Rote Kreuz e.V. / Hasselfeldt, Gerda -- Ein Laboratorium für die Zukunft / Ammicht Quinn, Regina -- II. Einleitung -- 1. Über Bedarfe, Sichtbarkeit und die Voraussetzungen einer resilienten Bevölkerung / Krüger, Marco / Max, Matthias -- 2. Zur Notwendigkeit der Forschung aus Sicht des Deutschen Roten Kreuzes e.V. / Max, Matthias / Schulze, Matthias -- III. Theoretischer und Methodischer Rahmen -- 3. Resilienz / Krüger, Marco -- 4. Chancen dynamischer Konzeptionen von Vulnerabilität für den Katastrophenschutz / Gabel, Friedrich -- 5. Anerkennung als ethische Dimension im Spannungsfeld von Katastrophenschutz und Pflege / Vondermaßen, Marcel -- 6. Die Modellregion als Methode / Winter, Ruth / Händlmeyer, Annette -- 7. KOPHIS in der Modellregion Willich / Händlmeyer, Annette / Oschmiansky, Heidi / Winter, Ruth -- IV. Transdisziplinäre empirische Forschungsergebnisse -- 8. Menschen mit Pflege- und Hilfsbedarf in Krisen, Großschadenslagen und Katastrophen / Oschmiansky, Heidi / Händlmeyer, Annette -- 9. Unterstützungsnetzwerke Pflege- und Hilfsbedürftiger im Alltag und im Krisenfall / Schander, Julia / Jungmann, Andrea / Schulze, Katja / Voss, Martin -- 10. Bedarfe der Bevölkerung und Pflege- und Hilfsbedürftiger in Extremsituationen / Schulze, Katja / Jungmann, Andrea / Schander, Julia / Voss, Martin -- 11. Pflege- und Hilfsbedürftige in Schadenslagen / Zettl, Veronika / Nell, Rebecca -- 12. Technische Ansätze zur Unterstützung von pflege-und hilfsbedürftigen Menschen im Katastrophenfall / Rashid, Asarnusch / Shammas, Layal / Zentek, Tom / Weber, Marian -- V. Wege der Umsetzung -- 13. Wie aus Forschung Praxis wird / Max, Matthias -- VI. Nachwort -- Zur Bedeutung des Projektes KOPHIS für die praktische bereichsübergreifende Arbeit im Deutschen Roten Kreuz e.V. / Würth, Ulrike / Knopp, Tanja -- Autorenbiographien

This article conceptualizes resilience as an emergent and contingent practice that shapes societal relationships in unexpected ways. It focuses on the case of the 2013 floods in Dresden, a city that witnessed three major floods within 11 years. Emergent volunteer activities on the ground and on social media played a significant role during the flood emergency response efforts. Drawing on Philippe Bourbeau's definition of resilience as a process of patterned adjustment, the article regards these emergent structures as incidents of resilience. In the case of Dresden, not only was resilience not explicitly requested by the state, but it was in several incidents actively not wanted. While most of the volunteering activities arising from social media platforms intended to support the disaster management authorities, the case shows how subversive forms of resilience were mobilized to resist official plans. They finally urged authorities to adapt to a new social and technological reality in order to render unaffiliated volunteering governable. Resilience thus emerges as an adaptive process that shapes and is shaped by societal relations. The article thus seeks to add another facet to the debate on resilience by demonstrating how resilience helps us to make sense of complex and interdependent adaptation processes.

AbstractThe role of ethics in research and innovation projects (R&I) has become much more important in recent decades. Particularly, security-related research is required to reflect on normative issues within the research process. At the same time, the form in which ethics is addressed differs greatly. This is not only due to different research agendas (e.g. ethics as an evaluation criterion of research or a research endeavour in itself) and aims (e.g. technology development, social or medical research) but also because of different perceptions with regard to the role of ethics within the research project (e.g. ethics as an external standard to comply with or ethics as a research strand within an interdisciplinary research project). As differences in the level of ethical reflection are not problematic as such, but might be rooted in the specific research interest itself, it might be difficult for those in charge of performing ethical research in R&I projects to develop ethics research designs for new projects. Focussing on security research, we present in this contribution, how ethics was included into the work performed in a trans- and interdisciplinary EU research project. Thereby, four levels of ethical reflection are distinguished and illustrated with examples. These levels can be subsumed under the categories research ethics and ethical research. The paper is intended as one example of how ethics can be integrated into security-related research, which might and should be complemented with other approaches in order to help researchers developing an ethical inventory of procedures to conduct ethical research in security domain.