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In exploring the first two decades of evolution of political programmes applied for the electoral processes in Slovenia, a young European multiparty parliamentary democracy with a proportional electoral system and multiparty government coalitions, the article contributes to a rich tradition of studying the programmes of political parties as relevant narrators of the development of democratic systems and suggests an answer to 'why do parties write manifestos?' The main findings include the distinct issue emphasis of parliamentary and non-parliamentary parties' manifestos and convergence in issue emphasis over time among parliamentary parties who go on to form coalition governments. Regarding the 'why', these and other findings indicate that the manifestos considered here are intended more for post-election purposes – in particular, for the formation of alliances and negotiating and running a coalition government – than for attracting voters in the pre-election period. Party programmes are seen more as self-intended tools for political struggle than as promoters or control mechanisms for the further development of the democratic political system.

This article draws on the assumption that certain congruence between the parties' electoral platforms and of the succeeding government's performance shall exist in democratic systems and shall, as such, be considered as an important research topic for the researchers of democratic policy-making processes and political systems in general. In the article, we analyse whether the contents of parties' electoral programmes and the contents of key post-electoral governmental policy documents — that is, the coalition agreement, the government sessions' agenda and governmental weekly press releases —correspond to each other. Slovenia, as one of the younger EU democracies, is used as a case study to test the application of the stated. Original Manifesto Research on Political Representation (MARPOR) methodology for quantifying documents' content is applied and analysis primarily focuses on governmental period of the first right-centred government from 2004 to 2008. The conclusions confirm the existence of issue congruence in the period of the analysed electoral cycle, and at the same time reveal substantial specifics between the hierarchy of political to policy issue orientations of the government and its constitutive political parties. Consequently, an initiative for constructing a tentative theory of political documents is put forward on the basis of inductive research conclusions.

This article draws on the assumption that certain congruence between the parties' electoral platforms and of the succeeding government's performance shall exist in democratic systems and shall, as such, be considered as an important research topic for the researchers of democratic policy-making processes and political systems in general. In the article, we analyse whether the contents of parties' electoral programmes and the contents of key post-electoral governmental policy documents - that is, the coalition agreement, the government sessions' agenda and governmental weekly press releases -correspond to each other. Slovenia, as one of the younger EU democracies, is used as a case study to test the application of the stated. Original Manifesto Research on Political Representation (MARPOR) methodology for quantifying documents' content is applied and analysis primarily focuses on governmental period of the first right-centred government from 2004 to 2008. The conclusions confirm the existence of issue congruence in the period of the analysed electoral cycle, and at the same time reveal substantial specifics between the hierarchy of political to policy issue orientations of the government and its constitutive political parties. Consequently, an initiative for constructing a tentative theory of political documents is put forward on the basis of inductive research conclusions. [Copyright The Regents of the University of California; published by Elsevier Ltd.]

Abstract. The article aims to explore factors that influence respondents'
intentions to accept and use mobile advertising by proposing an extension of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT)
with perceived enjoyment, perceived irritation, and personalisation. To
identify the factors affecting the acceptability of mobile advertising, the
intentions and behaviours of respondents regarding mobile advertising are
reviewed. The study was conducted in Pakistan by using online survey.
Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was applied to examine the sample size of 446 respondents. The findings revealed
certain crucial factors (such as effort expectancy, performance expectancy,
perceived enjoyment, perceived irritation, and personalisation) that can
affect respondents' intentions to accept mobile advertising. Also revealed
was the relationship between respondents' intentions to accept and use
behaviour regarding mobile advertising. It is established that respondents
expect more personalised promotional messages to be shown to them in
line with their needs and preferences. Here, advertisers must pay attention
to the contextual relevance of the ads while noting the element of irritation
that can be felt among consumers, as such ads create negative attitudes
and intentions towards mobile advertising.
Keywords: mobile advertising, consumer intentions, use behaviour, unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), Partial Least
Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), Pakistan.

The study of electoral campaigns is nowadays one of the very topical and popular themes in the field of the scientific-research work. Electoral campaigns can be defined in several ways and from several points of view. In this paper, a campaign is understood as a set of diverse activities performed to influence the electoral result. These activities can be studied according to the political-system, time-space, organisational and instrumental dimensions of their performance. The key purpose of the paper is to analyse and typologise the features of electoral campaigns of today's urban municipality mayors in Slovenia during their standing as candidates in local elections in 2006. By using various methodological and statistical approaches and tools, it was found out in the analysed cases that electoral campaigns were an important part of the electoral process and that, according to planning features and implementing plans, they were very specific in all the studied municipalities. Because of this, the campaigns in the studied elections were characterised as particular and highly localised. Despite these particularities, four different types of campaigns were highlighted according to the groups of similar features: a) traditional campaigns; b) charismatic candidate campaigns; c) modern local campaigns and d) an intense campaign mosaic. Regardless of the particularities of the campaign activities and processes, it turned out that they played an important role at the local level of political activity.

Key words: • electoral campaign • local elections • urban municipality • mayor • type • Slovenia

The study of electoral campaigns is nowadays one of the very topical & popular themes in the field of the scientific-research work. Electoral campaigns can be defined in several ways & from several points of view. In this paper, a campaign is understood as a set of diverse activities performed to influence the electoral result. These activities can be studied according to the political-system, time-space, organizational & instrumental dimensions of their performance. The key purpose of the paper is to analyze & typologize the features of electoral campaigns of today's urban municipality mayors in Slovenia during their standing as candidates in local elections in 2006. By using various methodological & statistical approaches & tools, it was found out in the analyzed cases that electoral campaigns were an important part of the electoral process & that, according to planning features & implementing plans, they were very specific in all the studied municipalities. Because of this, the campaigns in the studied elections were characterized as particular & highly localized. Despite these particularities, four different types of campaigns were highlighted according to the groups of similar features: a) traditional campaigns; b) charismatic candidate campaigns; c) modern local campaigns & d) an intense campaign mosaic. Regardless of the particularities of the campaign activities & processes, it turned out that they played an important role at the local level of political activity. Adapted from the source document.

The 'dilemmas' between multilingualism in theory and English as a lingua franca in practice concern the post-Bologna European higher education as a whole. The article presents the case of Slovenia by furthering the analysis of similar quandaries present in the Slovenian (higher education) language policy. The state of affairs is addressed by acknowledging the status of Slovenian as the official language of the Republic of Slovenia, as well as the need for a greater inclusion of foreign students and teachers and for further enhancement of the quality of higher education. The results of surveys conducted among the most important stakeholders in the Slovenian higher education in October 2012, with the aim of researching the viewpoints on the use of languages of instruction in higher education, are presented. The results were analysed with a view to the expressed standpoint on language use in higher education, which led to the formation of three opinion groups within the sample of students and university teachers of the University of Ljubljana. Based on the analysis of accessible sources, discussions, opinions, surveys and interviews some recommendations on the regulation of language use in higher education in Slovenia are provided. ; "Nedoumice" između višejezičnosti u teoriji i engleskoga kao lingue france u praksi tiču se poslijebolonjskoga europskoga visokog obrazovanja u cjelini. Ovaj rad prikazuje primjer Slovenije putem analize sličnih izazova prisutnih u slovenskoj (visokoobrazovnoj) jezičnoj politici. Stanje se stvari sagledava s aspekta prihvaćanja statusa slovenskoga jezika kao službenoga jezika Republike Slovenije, kao i prihvaćanja potrebe za većom uključenosti stranih studenata i nastavnika i daljnjeg unapređenja kvalitete visokoga obrazovanja. U radu se predstavljaju rezultati ispitivanja koja su provedena u listopadu 2012. godine među najvažnijim dionicima slovenskoga visokog obrazovanja s ciljem istraživanja stajališta o uporabi jezika poučavanja u visokome obrazovanje. Rezultati su analizirani s pogledom na izraženo stajalište u vezi s uporabom jezika u visokome obrazovanju, što je dovelo do uspostavljanja triju skupina mišljenja unutar uzorka studenata i nastavnika Sveučilišta u Ljubljani. Na temelju analize dostupnih izvora, rasprava, mišljenja, ispitivanja i intervjua donose se određene preporuke o regulaciji uporabe jezika u visokome obrazovanju u Sloveniji.