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The contemporary era is characterized by two attributes that determine it: fragmentation in the management of the international system and bifurcation of alternatives represented by key actors of the system. These phenomena explain the tensions between China and the United States, the absence of a global system administrator (hegemonic actor), and the emergence of intermediate powers that have gained greater visibility in the context of the pandemic. This new systematic context is presented in the Central American region as a new strategic the challenge, since it has acquired greater preponderance as a zone of influence, but at the same time there is a growing fragmentation within its countries, the potential for cooperation and conflict creates important opportunities but also threats that must be addressed in a timely manner to avoid past mistakes.

Expone las principales características biofisicas, socioeconómicas y culturales, así como los antecedentes de la Cuenca del río Térraba. A partir de esto presenta escenarios en las tres áreas mencionadas tomando en cuenta planteamientos de continuidad, desarrollo rápido, política y eventuales crisis. ; It exposes the main biophysical, socioeconomic and cultural characteristics, as well as the antecedents of the Térraba River Basin. Based on this, it presents scenarios in the three mentioned areas, taking into account continuity, rapid development, politics and eventual crises. ; Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica ; Escuela de Relaciones Internacionales