Das Handbook of Corruption, Ethics and Integrity in Public Administration wird ein zentrales neues Nachschlagewerk sein für Wissenschaftler*innen, die öffentliche Verwaltungsforschung und Korruptionsstudien zu verbinden suchen. Der Band befasst sich mit dem Kontext der öffentlichen Verwaltung, seinem Wandel und den jeweiligen Auswirkungen auf Korruptionsrisiken; er untersucht Korruptionsfragen nach Politikfeldern und bietet damit einen neuartigen, von der Politik- und Verwaltungsforschung inspirierten Ansatz für Korruptionsstudien; er bietet eine internationale Übersicht von Anti-Korruptionsreformen aus zwölf Ländern; und er endet mit innovativen Diskussionen zu Erfahrungswerten und Erfolgsfaktoren der Korruptionsbekämpfung sowie mit Schlüsselkonzepten wie "Interessenkonflikten" und "Integrität" in der öffentlichen Verwaltung. Das Handbuch entwickelt abschließend Vorschläge, wie die Korruptions- und öffentliche Verwaltungsforschung sich gegenseitig weiter inspirieren und informieren können, insbesondere in Bezug auf die Messung von Korruption und die Auswirkungen von institutionellen Arrangements und Managementpraktiken in der öffentlichen Verwaltung.
Das Handbook of Corruption, Ethics and Integrity in Public Administration wird ein zentrales neues Nachschlagewerk sein für Wissenschaftler*innen, die öffentliche Verwaltungsforschung und Korruptionsstudien zu verbinden suchen. Der Band befasst sich mit dem Kontext der öffentlichen Verwaltung, seinem Wandel und den jeweiligen Auswirkungen auf Korruptionsrisiken; er untersucht Korruptionsfragen nach Politikfeldern und bietet damit einen neuartigen, von der Politik- und Verwaltungsforschung inspirierten Ansatz für Korruptionsstudien; er bietet eine internationale Übersicht von Anti-Korruptionsreformen aus zwölf Ländern; und er endet mit innovativen Diskussionen zu Erfahrungswerten und Erfolgsfaktoren der Korruptionsbekämpfung sowie mit Schlüsselkonzepten wie "Interessenkonflikten" und "Integrität" in der öffentlichen Verwaltung. Das Handbuch entwickelt abschließend Vorschläge, wie die Korruptions- und öffentliche Verwaltungsforschung sich gegenseitig weiter inspirieren und informieren können, insbesondere in Bezug auf die Messung von Korruption und die Auswirkungen von institutionellen Arrangements und Managementpraktiken in der öffentlichen Verwaltung.
This article examines the post-accession durability of EU civil service policy in Central and Eastern Europe (CEECs). Civil service professionalization was a condition for EU membership but the European Commission has no particular sanctions available if CEECs reverse pre-accession reforms after gaining membership. Comparing eight CEECs that joined the EU in 2004, the article finds that post-accession civil service developments are characterized by great diversity. The three Baltic States continued civil service reforms, while Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Poland, and Slovenia are classified as cases of post-accession reform reversal. The post-accession pathway of Hungary is identified as a case of reform reorientation. The diversity in post-accession pathways was almost exclusively the result of domestic political constellations, in particular, patterns of government alternation after accession. There were hardly any factors that could have locked in the level of professionalization that had been reached at the time of accession. Adapted from the source document.
Résumé Dans le présent article, nous examinons l'importance des héritages historiques dans les débats sur la réforme de l'administration publique en Europe du centre-est. Nous épinglons les limites des études existantes et développons trois dimensions afin de formuler des explications relatives aux héritages en ce qui concerne la réforme administrative en Europe du centre-est. Premièrement, les arguments relatifs à l'héritage ont tendance à se focaliser sur les conséquences négatives du passé communiste. Il n'y a cependant pas un, mais plusieurs héritages qui comptent en ce qui concerne les réformes postcommunistes et ces multiples héritages doivent être minutieusement distingués et conceptualisés. Deuxièmement, les explications relatives à l'héritage ont tendance à rechercher des similarités générales entre le passé administratif et la structure actuelle des administrations d'Europe du centre-est afin de démontrer l'importance de l'héritage. Il ne suffit cependant pas d'épingler des similarités pour identifier les effets d'héritage. Dans le présent article, en revanche, nous plaidons en faveur de l'identification de mécanismes causaux d'héritage pour expliquer les évolutions administratives récentes en Europe du centre-est. Pour terminer, nous attirerons l'attention sur l'interaction des effets d'héritage avec d'autres déterminants de la réforme administrative, comme l'intégration européenne et les partis politiques. Remarques à l'intention des praticiens Le présent article s'adresse essentiellement aux décideurs responsables de la réforme de l'administration publique en Europe centrale et orientale. Nous abordons la question de l'influence des traditions administratives et, plus généralement, des héritages historiques sur les modèles de réforme administrative et la bonne mise en œuvre de ces réformes. Les stéréotypes se focalisent sur les conséquences négatives de l'administration de type communiste pour la réforme contemporaine en Europe centrale et orientale. Dans le présent article, nous proposons une perspective plus nuancée quant à l'influence des héritages historiques. Nous soutenons que les administrations communistes ont évolué au fil du temps et se sont considérablement diversifiées d'un pays à l'autre. L'expérience administrative d'autres périodes historiques influence par ailleurs l'héritage communiste d'hier. Nous identifions également divers mécanismes qui aident à « transporter » l'héritage du passé dans le contexte de la réforme administrative contemporaine. Pour les décideurs administratifs, cette approche sous-entend qu'ils ne peuvent partir du principe que l'influence de l'héritage communiste est identique dans tous les pays et ils ne peuvent pas même supposer que l'administration communiste a persisté après la transition. Nous recommandons en revanche d'examiner de plus près les particularités des traditions administratives locales et le type de mécanismes à l'origine des effets d'héritage dans le contexte des efforts de réforme contemporains.
This article examines the status of historical legacies in debates on the reform of public administration in East Central Europe. It identifies limitations of existing accounts and derives three dimensions for the further development of legacy explanations of administrative reform in East Central Europe. First, legacy arguments tend to zoom in on the negative effects of the communist past. Yet there is not one but many legacies that matter for post-communist reforms and these many legacies have to be carefully distinguished and conceptualized. Second, legacy explanations tend to search for broad similarities between the administrative past and the present set-up of East Central European administrations in order to demonstrate the importance of the legacy. The identification of similarities is, however, not sufficient for the identification of legacy effects. Instead, the article argues in favour of the identification of causal mechanisms of legacification to explain recent administrative developments in East Central Europe. Finally, the article draws attention to the interaction of legacy effects with other determinants of administrative reform such as European integration and political parties.Points for practitionersThis article addresses primarily policy-makers who deal with the reform of public administration in Central and Eastern Europe. It addresses the issue of how administrative traditions and, generally, historical legacies affect the design of administrative reforms and the successful implementation of reforms. Conventional wisdom concentrates on the negative effects of the communist-type administration on contemporary reform in Central and Eastern Europe. This article advances a more differentiated perspective on the impact of historical legacies. It argues that communist administrations evolved over time and differed considerably across countries. The administrative experience of other historical periods further interacts with the communist legacy of the past. The article also identifies various mechanisms that help to 'transport' the legacy of the past into the contemporary administrative reform context. For administrative policy-makers this approach implies that they cannot take for granted that the effect of the communist legacy is identical across countries and they cannot even assume that the communist administration will be long-lasting after transition. Instead, it is recommended that the specifics of local administrative traditions and the kind of mechanisms that produce legacy effects in the context of contemporary reform efforts be examined more closely.
This paper examines the status of historical legacies in debates on the reform of public administration in East Central Europe. It identifies limitations of existing accounts and derives three dimensions for the further development of legacy explanations of administrative reform in East Central Europe. First, legacy arguments tend to zoom in on the negative effects of the communist past, yet there is not one but many legacies that matter for post-communist reforms and these many legacies have to be carefully distinguished. Second, legacy explanations tend to search for broad similarities between the administrative past and the present set-up of East Central European administrations in order to demonstrate the importance of the legacy. The identification of similarities is however not sufficient for the identification of legacy effects. Instead, the paper argues in favour of the identification of causal mechanisms of legacification to explain recent administrative developments in East Central Europe. Finally, the paper draws attention to the interaction of legacy effects with other determinants of administrative reform such as European integration and political parties.
This article examines claims that senior civil services in post-communist Europe are subject to instability and politicisation, and that both features are at the centre of what amounts to the emergence of a distinct type of executive governance different from Western traditions. At the conceptual level, the article develops four modes of politicisation that differ with respect to the political control over the making and breaking of bureaucratic careers. Modes of politicisation serve as an analytical tool to assess and classify the politicisation of post-communist senior civil services and to compare them to prevailing modes of politicisation in Western democracies as well as the communist past. At the empirical level, the article examines the politicisation of the senior civil service in post-communist Hungary. It argues that the politicisation of the Hungarian senior civil service is characterised by high turnover, recruitment of outsiders and heavy reliance on the appointment of officials who come and go with their bloc of political parties while bridging the out-of-office period in the private sector, academia or at a political party. The article concludes that the politicisation of the senior civil service in post-communist Hungary has more in common with the communist past than with the prevailing modes of politicisation in Western democracies. The main difference from the communist era lies in the periodically changing political colours of the post-communist state. Adapted from the source document.
Abstract. This article examines claims that senior civil services in post‐communist Europe are subject to instability and politicisation, and that both features are at the centre of what amounts to the emergence of a distinct type of executive governance different from Western traditions. At the conceptual level, the article develops four modes of politicisation that differ with respect to the political control over the making and breaking of bureaucratic careers. Modes of politicisation serve as an analytical tool to assess and classify the politicisation of post‐communist senior civil services and to compare them to prevailing modes of politicisation in Western democracies as well as the communist past. At the empirical level, the article examines the politicisation of the senior civil service in post‐communist Hungary. It argues that the politicisation of the Hungarian senior civil service is characterised by high turnover, recruitment of outsiders and heavy reliance on the appointment of officials who come and go with their bloc of political parties while bridging the out‐of‐office period in the private sector, academia or at a political party. The article concludes that the politicisation of the senior civil service in post‐communist Hungary has more in common with the communist past than with the prevailing modes of politicisation in Western democracies. The main difference from the communist era lies in the periodically changing political colours of the post‐communist state.
This paper examines the impact of the legacy of the past on administrative reform trajectories in post-communist East Central Europe. It argues that East Central Europe has numerous different legacies that have the potential to matter for post-communist reforms, that any legacy explanation of administrative reform in East Central Europe is required to spell out the causal mechanisms that link the legacy of the past & the outcomes of the post-communist present, & that the interaction effects between the legacy of the past & other important drivers of administrative reforms need to be considered, for instance, European integration & the structure of party political competition. The investigation of the politicization of the civil service in Hungary shows that the main influence of the legacy is exercised through the impact of the late communist legacy on the structure of party competition. The legacy of the past has contributed to the polarization between an ex-communist & an anticommunist political camp in Hungary. The legacy also continues to shape the identities & interaction orientations of key political & administrative actors vis-a-vis civil service governance. The legacy of the past does therefore exercise an important, if indirect, influence on present day civil service governance. Adapted from the source document.
