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PurposeThis paper seeks to explore the sensitivity of these parameters and their impact on fiscal policy outcomes. We use the existing literature to establish possible ranges for each parameter, and we examine how changes within these ranges can alter the outcomes of fiscal policy. In this way, we aim to highlight the importance of these parameters in the formulation and evaluation of fiscal policy.Design/methodology/approachThe role of fiscal policy, its effects and multipliers continues to be a subject of intense debate in macroeconomics. Despite adopting a New Keynesian approach within a macroeconomic model, the reactions of macroeconomic variables to fiscal shocks can vary across different contexts and theoretical frameworks. This paper aims to investigate these diverse reactions by conducting a sensitivity analysis of parameters. Specifically, the study examines how key variables respond to fiscal shocks under different parameter settings. By analyzing the behavioral dynamics of these variables, this research contributes to the ongoing discussion on fiscal policy. The findings offer valuable insights to enrich the understanding of the complex relationship between fiscal shocks and macroeconomic outcomes, thus facilitating informed policy debates.FindingsThis paper aims to investigate key elements of New Keynesian Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) models. The focus is on the calibration of parameters and their impact on macroeconomic variables, such as output and inflation. The study also examines how different parameter settings affect the response of monetary policy to fiscal measures. In conclusion, this study has relied on theoretical exploration and a comprehensive review of existing literature. The parameters and their relationships have been analyzed within a robust theoretical framework, offering valuable insights for further research on how these factors influence model forecasts and inform policy recommendations derived from New Keynesian DSGE models. Moving forward, it is recommended that future work includes empirical analyses to test the reliability and effectiveness of parameter calibrations in real-world conditions. This will contribute to enhancing the accuracy and relevance of DSGE models for economic policy decision-making.Originality/valueThis study is motivated by the aim to provide a deeper understanding of the roles macroeconomic model parameters play concerning responses to expansionary fiscal policies and the subsequent reactions of monetary authorities. Comprehensive reviews that encompass this breadth of relationships within a single text are rare in the literature, making this work a valuable contribution to stimulating discussions on macroeconomic policies.

RESUMO Este trabalho busca ilustrar como a adoção de políticas econômicas que privilegiem o crescimento de curto prazo para além da taxa de crescimento potencial não se sustenta do ponto de vista intertemporal. Para tanto, utilizou-se do instrumento metodológico de cotejamento de dois recentes períodos de robusto crescimento econômico na história do Brasil contemporâneo. A analogia entre o "milagre econômico" (1968-1973) e o "espetáculo do crescimento" da segunda metade dos anos 2000, os quais guardam semelhanças que não podem ser delegadas ao acaso, deve embasar a reflexão dos cientistas sociais que se dispuserem a analisar a história do país em suas múltiplas particularidades. Ao fim do período, os resultados inevitáveis são a recessão e a necessidade de um novo ajuste macroeconômico.

Resumo Este trabalho analisa se a utilização de crédito direcionado (subsidiado) ao investimento pode agravar a dominância fiscal. Para tanto, utiliza-se um modelo novo-keynesiano com subsídio na aquisição de bens de investimento para firma produtora de bens de capitais. Os resultados apresentam que o aumento no subsídio induz o governo a utilizar imposto inflacionário para ajustar seu orçamento (dominância fiscal), contudo, esse efeito é de curtíssimo prazo, na sequência, um forte corte nos gastos correntes do governo ajusta o superávit primário levando a economia à recessão.