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This essay stresses the crucial importance of logistics during the French occupation of Catalonia during the Peninsular War. The supplies found in the occupied territory were insufficient for French needs, leading to the failure of Napoleon's "war feeds war" policy in that region. It became necessary to find alternative sources and modes of supply in the midst of a permanent guerrilla war and the British blockade of Catalan ports. Logistical operations largely dominated the French campaigns, while the requirement to supply a besieged Barcelona made it nearly impossible to conquer the province and led to the collapse of French plans to incorporate Catalonia into the French Empire.

We compare expected rent-seeking expenditures & efficiency of simultaneous versus sequential rent-seeking contests. We find that when two risk neutral ex ante identical agents are competing, sequential contests are ex ante Pareto superior to simultaneous contests. We then endogenize the timing decision of rent-seeking expenditures & show that with ex ante identical contestants, all subgame perfect equilibria of this game are sequential contests. 1 Table, 2 Figures, 1 Appendix, 13 References. Adapted from the source document.

Professions have evolved in contrasting ways in different countries, although this has only recently been recognised by sociologists, who long had an Anglo‐American bias in their work on this subject. In the UK professions have generally evolved "bottom‐up" (i.e. through the activities of the professionals) in contrast to "top‐down" (through state intervention) in Germany. Since the valuation profession in Germany has not been regulated by the state it has not evolved as a high status occupation and lacks high entry standards or effective self‐regulation. This has resulted in a different approach to valuation theory and practice from that in the UK.