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The article presents the complex and controversial concept of the European social model (Esm) through an analysis of not only its plurality of meanings. Even when the Esm was deeply challenged by the development of globalized competition and the economic crisis, the changes marking the various different European welfare models appeared to converge and push systems towards a hybridization. It is precisely the low level of rigidity with which the construction process of the Esm has been characterized that appears to provide added value as it provides national and local welfare systems with resilience.

The objective of the study is that of a planning document analysis of social and health-care policies developed by Italian regional governments during the period from 2007-2010, in order to identify a context analysis, objectives, actions relating to children and to verify the presence of an orientation to child's rights.The document analysis concerning regional programmes for children was conducted employing a programme theory approach. This approach is used in order to compare programmes that, while very different in breadth and general scope, are nevertheless intervention plans for children, with the purpose of identifying the presence of common models and classifying any resulting differences.

- This article presents some moments of the dialogue of Achille Ardigň with the thought of Niklas Luhmann. Ardigň shares Luhmann's care about government crisis of post-modern societies, his opinions about irreducibility of subjective sense to systemic sense and his criticism against Parsons's integrational approach. On the contrary, the sociology of Ardigň deeply differentiates from Luhmann's on three topics: the reference to empirical world for explaining and to criticizing it, the transcendence of value criteria with respect to social systems, the research of a renewed transaction between social systems and persons.Keywords: Ardigň, Luhmann, consensus, government, transaction, empathy.Parole chiave: Ardigň, Luhmann, consenso, governabilitÀ, transazione, empatia.