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This article argues that there is a close relationship between the structure of the international system/order and how states define their foreign policy interests and then act accordingly. The main contention is that Turkey's foreign policy performance since 2002 can be partially read as Turkey's effort to adapt to external developments at international and regional levels. As the international system has evolved from a unipolar order (in which the United States, in cooperation with its European allies, provided the main public goods in an hegemonic fashion), into a post-unipolar era, Turkey has accelerated its efforts to pursue a more multi-dimensional and multi-directional foreign approach. Rather than arguing that there is a direct causation between the independent variable of systemic factors and the dependent variable of Turkey's foreign policy performance, this article understands the external environment as a 'context' in which Turkish decision makers have responded to Turkey's responses to foreign policy developments. ; No sponsor

Bu çalışma COVID-19 salgını sonrasında uluslararası siyasetin doğası ve uluslararası ilişkilerin yapısında ortaya çıkması muhtemel etkileri analiz ediyor. Küreselleşmenin ve ulus devletin geleceği, liberal ve otoriter devlet modellerinin bu süreçteki performansları, illiberal popülist siyasetin geleceği, salgını kontrol altına almak adına atılan adımların ahlakiliği, Avrupa Birliği bütünleşme sürecinin akıbeti ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri ile Çin arasındaki jeopolitik rekabetin seyri salgının ortaya çıkardığı dinamiklerden yakından etkilenecek. Salgınla mücadele bağlamında ABD ve Çin hükümetlerinin benimsemiş oldukları tutumlar onların küresel yönetişim bağlamındaki liderlik kapasitelerini de yakından etkileyecek. COVID-19 sonrası çağda hiçbir şeyin eskisi gibi olmayacağı yünündeki öngörülere karşın bu çalışma daha ihtiyatlı bir tutum takınılması gerektiğini iddia ediyor ve geleceğin nasıl şekilleneceğine dair yapılan öngörülerde daha mütevazi olunması gerektiğini salık veriyor. ; This study tries to examine how the COVID-19 pandemic might affect the nature of international politics as well as the structure of international relations in the years to come. The way the pandemic unfolds and the measures adopted to stem it will likely affect the future of globalization process and the nation-state, the allure of democratic and authoritarian regimes, the future of illiberal populist parties and movements, the attractiveness of alternative moral approaches, the future of European Union integration process and the future trajectory of the geopolitical competition between the United States of America and Peoples' Republic of China. The policies adopted by American and Chinese governments during this process will strongly affect their respective capabilities to play leadership roles in different aspects of global governance. Even though it is quite popular to argue that nothing will remain the same after the COVID-19 pandemic, this study recommends that analysts adopt a more modest and prudent approach in predicting the future course of international politics. It is still too early to offer ironclad statements regarding the future of international relations. ; No sponsor

This study tries to examine how the COVID-19 pandemic might affect the nature of international politics as well as the structure of international relations in the years to come. The way the pandemic unfolds and the measures adopted to stem it will likely affect the future of globalization process and the nation-state, the allure of democratic and authoritarian regimes, the future of illiberal populist parties and movements, the attractiveness of alternative moral approaches, the future of European Union integration process and the future trajectory of the geopolitical competition between the United States of America and Peoples' Republic of China. The policies adopted by American and Chinese governments during this process will strongly affect their respective capabilities to play leadership roles in different aspects of global governance. Even though it is quite popular to argue that nothing will remain the same after the COVID-19 pandemic, this study recommends that analysts adopt a more modest and prudent approach in predicting the future course of international politics. It is still too early to offer ironclad statements regarding the future of international relations. ; No sponsor

Recent years have witnessed revolutionary changes in Turkey's domestic and international policies as the dynamics of the international order have been changing in a post-western fashion. Turkey, a NATO member since 1952 and an EU membership candidate since July 2005, has been experiencing a difficult relationship with its traditional allies and partners within the western international community over the last decade. This article seeks to analyze the dynamics of Turkey's response to the emerging post-western international order within the framework of Turkey's domestic environment and foreign policy. Of special importance in this regard is the impact that the so-called Russian revisionism/resurgence has had on Turkey's choices. To what extent and in which ways have the dynamics of Russia's challenge to western primacy in global politics constituted a role model for Turkey? What are the similarities and differences between Russian and Turkish efforts to adapt to the emerging post-western international order? ; No sponsor

Uluslararası İlişkiler disiplini içinde en fazla bahsi geçen kavramlardan bir tanesi güçler dengesidir. Daha çok gerçekçilik yaklaşımını savunanların dile getirdikleri bu kavrama göre uluslararası ortamda istikrar ve barış olması için devletler arasında sürdürülebilir denge ortamının bulunması gerekir. Dengenin bozulmasını tehdit gören devletler ya kendi imkânları ya da benzer tehdit algılamalarına sahip olan devletlerle güçlerini birleştirerek dengeyi bozduğuna inandıkları devleti dengelemeye çalışırlar. Uluslararası siyasetin evrim süreci içinde çok çeşitli güçler dengesi uygulamaları yaşanmıştır. Uluslararası sistemin anarşik yapısı ve insan doğasının kötücül karakteri değişmedikçe güçler dengesi politikaları uluslararası ilişkilerin temel dinamikleri arasında olmaya devam edecektir. Tek-kutuplu bir yapıdan çok-kutuplu bir yapıya geçildiği günümüzde, güçler dengesi pratikleri mevcut küresel aktörlerin dış politika davranışlarını daha fazla şekillendirecektir. ; No sponsor

This article aims to explain the slowing down of European Union (EU)–Turkish relations since the start of the accession negotiations in 2005 with international level systemic analysis. For this purpose, it examines the current challenges the new rising powers pose to the US-led unipolar international order and it shows how both the EU's and Turkey's responses to these challenges influence their relative powers as well as the negotiation process. By focusing on international level systemic dynamics, the article differs from the institutional explanations that explain EU–Turkish relations either with the utility-based logic of consequentialism or the norms-based logic of appropriateness. ; No sponsor