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In Brazil the health idea arose in the late nineteenth century with the arrival of the Portuguese crown to these lands. The relationship between health and community was based on the act of public cleaning and inspection of food as well as supervision of the commercial ports. The purpose of this article is to understand the impact that the creation of public health policies brought to society. For this it was necessary a political-historical approach to the process of formulating public health policies based on the redemption of periods of Brazilian history, to better understand the facts. At the end of the process it is understood that health policies in Brazil appear subordinated to political and economic interests, reflecting direct changes in their practices whenever a new form of power arises determining a new model to be followed.