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Part 1. Knowledge Systems -- Chapter 1. Introduction – Ocean Governance for Sustainability (Partelow et al.) -- Chapter 2. How do we know the Ocean (Hornidge & Partelow) -- Chapter 3. Managing fish or governing fisheries stakeholders? An historical recount of Fisheries Governance in the last Century (a South American Case) (Barragán et al.) -- Chapter 4. Post-War Reconnaissance of Japanese Fishery and Ocean Science and its Contribution to the Development of U.S. Scientific Programs: 1947-1954 (Finley, Carmel) -- Part 2: Policy foundations -- Chapter 5. Ocean governance from the perspective of the law of the sea: an inquiry into the past, present and future, with an emphasis on fisheries, area-based management and international seabed mineral resources. (Singh et al.) -- Chapter 6. International Fisheries Law: Past to Future -- Chapter 7. Legal aspects of the sustainable exploitation of marine energy and mineral resources (present/future) (Willemez, Alix) -- Chapter 8. Making Marine Spatial Planning Matter (Flannery, Wesley) -- Chapter 9. Marine and Coastal Governance: Lessons from Current Practice of Managing Land Sea Interactions and Marine and Coastal Governance in EU Member States (Lawlor and Depellegrin) -- Chapter 10. Developing progressive marine biodiversity indicators to support the functions of area-based management tools for the sustainable use of oceans: case studies from European territorial waters (Kaymaz, Ipek) -- Chapter 11. Ocean Governance in An Era of Climate Change: Protecting Living Marine Resources on the Sea Bed – the Need for an Integrated Approach (Borg, Simone) -- Chapter 12. The diverse legal and regulatory framework for marine policy in the North Atlantic – A case of a never-ending "horrendogram" or an opportunity for convergence? (Calado, Helena et al.) -- Part 3. Thematic Analyses -- Chapter 13. Assembling the seabed: Pan-European and interdisciplinary advances in understanding seabed mining (Chen et al.) -- Chapter 14. Societal transformations and governance challenges of coastal small-scale fisheries in the Northern Baltic Sea (Salmi, Pekka & Svels, Kristina) -- Chapter 15. Marine Governance as a process of reflexive institutionalization? The case of Arctic Shipping (Van Tatenhove). Chapter 16. The plastic bag habit on Bali: From Banana Leaf Wrappings to Reusable Bags (Schlüter et al.). Chapter 17. Market initiatives of small-scale fisheries in the Mediterranean: innovation in support of sustainable blue economy (Penca, Jerneja & Said, Alicia) -- Chapter 18. Towards Just and Sustainable Blue Futures: Small‐Scale Fisher Movements and Food Sovereignty (Ertör et al.) -- Chapter 19. Ocean acidification as governance challenge in the Mediterranean Sea (Bernadsek et al.) -- Chapter 20. Futuring the terra-aqueous: Reading alternative urbanities from the Java Sea (Siriwardane- de Zoysa et al.). Chapter 21. Moving forward on Ocean Governance: Key messages for students, researchers and policy-makers (Hornidge, Hadjimichael, Partelow). .

This Open Access book on Ocean Governance examines sustainability challenges facing our oceans today. The book is organized into three sections: knowledge systems, policy foundations and thematic analyses. The knowledge produced in the book was catalyzed by the scientific outcomes within the European-funded Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) network "Ocean Governance for Sustainability – Challenges, Options and the Role of Science". This network brings together scientists, policy-makers and civil society representatives from 28 nation states to cooperate on ocean governance research. This book offers a compilation of new research material including focused case studies, broad policy syntheses and reflective chapters on the history and current status of knowledge production systems on ocean governance. New research material is presented, although some chapters draw on secondary sources. The book starts with synthetic review chapters from the editors, outlining past and present knowledge systems, addressing how and why ocean governance for sustainability is where it currently stands with critical reflections on existing narratives, path dependencies and colonialist histories. This is followed by chapters addressing, synthesizing and analyzing different legal and policy frameworks for ocean governance both regionally and internationally. At the core of the book are the thematic analyses, which provide focused case studies with detailed contextual information in support of different ocean governance challenges and sustainability pathways around the world. The book concludes with a chapter explicitly targeting students, researchers and policy-makers with key take-away messages compiled by the editors.

Part 1. Knowledge Systems -- Chapter 1. Introduction – Ocean Governance for Sustainability (Partelow et al.) -- Chapter 2. How do we know the Ocean (Hornidge & Partelow) -- Chapter 3. Managing fish or governing fisheries stakeholders? An historical recount of Fisheries Governance in the last Century (a South American Case) (Barragán et al.) -- Chapter 4. Post-War Reconnaissance of Japanese Fishery and Ocean Science and its Contribution to the Development of U.S. Scientific Programs: 1947-1954 (Finley, Carmel) -- Part 2: Policy foundations -- Chapter 5. Ocean governance from the perspective of the law of the sea: an inquiry into the past, present and future, with an emphasis on fisheries, area-based management and international seabed mineral resources. (Singh et al.) -- Chapter 6. International Fisheries Law: Past to Future -- Chapter 7. Legal aspects of the sustainable exploitation of marine energy and mineral resources (present/future) (Willemez, Alix) -- Chapter 8. Making Marine Spatial Planning Matter (Flannery, Wesley) -- Chapter 9. Marine and Coastal Governance: Lessons from Current Practice of Managing Land Sea Interactions and Marine and Coastal Governance in EU Member States (Lawlor and Depellegrin) -- Chapter 10. Developing progressive marine biodiversity indicators to support the functions of area-based management tools for the sustainable use of oceans: case studies from European territorial waters (Kaymaz, Ipek) -- Chapter 11. Ocean Governance in An Era of Climate Change: Protecting Living Marine Resources on the Sea Bed – the Need for an Integrated Approach (Borg, Simone) -- Chapter 12. The diverse legal and regulatory framework for marine policy in the North Atlantic – A case of a never-ending "horrendogram" or an opportunity for convergence? (Calado, Helena et al.) -- Part 3. Thematic Analyses -- Chapter 13. Assembling the seabed: Pan-European and interdisciplinary advances in understanding seabed mining (Chen et al.) -- Chapter 14. Societal transformations and governance challenges of coastal small-scale fisheries in the Northern Baltic Sea (Salmi, Pekka & Svels, Kristina) -- Chapter 15. Marine Governance as a process of reflexive institutionalization? The case of Arctic Shipping (Van Tatenhove). Chapter 16. The plastic bag habit on Bali: From Banana Leaf Wrappings to Reusable Bags (Schlüter et al.). Chapter 17. Market initiatives of small-scale fisheries in the Mediterranean: innovation in support of sustainable blue economy (Penca, Jerneja & Said, Alicia) -- Chapter 18. Towards Just and Sustainable Blue Futures: Small‐Scale Fisher Movements and Food Sovereignty (Ertör et al.) -- Chapter 19. Ocean acidification as governance challenge in the Mediterranean Sea (Bernadsek et al.) -- Chapter 20. Futuring the terra-aqueous: Reading alternative urbanities from the Java Sea (Siriwardane- de Zoysa et al.). Chapter 21. Moving forward on Ocean Governance: Key messages for students, researchers and policy-makers (Hornidge, Hadjimichael, Partelow). .

This study develops and applies an interdisciplinary and mixed method approach to operationalize the social-ecological systems (SES) framework in the context of aquaculture, the fastest growing food production sector worldwide. We apply this methodology to conduct a case study of community-based pond aquaculture on the island of Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. This diagnostic approach demonstrates how sustainability challenges are interrelated at multiple levels through an analysis applying common-pool resource (CPR) and collective action theories. At the community level, qualitative data show how pond aquaculture systems can have CPR dilemmas, requiring communities to work together to solve them. We show how a provision dilemma manifests from the need to maintain common canal infrastructure to distribute water to private ponds. Asymmetric incentives to contribute exist because there are up and downstream users in the pond network, similar to some irrigation systems. Second, at the level of individual ponds, we developed indicators for the Resource System, Resource Unit, Governance and Actor tiers of the SES framework. Indicator data for each pond was measured and transformed into normalized quantitative scores to examine the relationships between social and ecological outcomes within and between ponds. We combine the results of our multi-level analysis to discuss the broader social-ecological relationships which link collective action challenges in managing common canal infrastructure with pond level outcomes and current government policies for advancing community development. We emphasize the need for increased knowledge and training on effective aquaculture practice as an underlying driver of current system conditions. This study raises many methodological challenges associated with designing empirically based SES research and building SES theory. We discuss challenges with integrating diverse data types, indicator selection and making normative assumptions about sustainability.