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"Rhetoric, Politics and Popularity in Pre-Revolutionary England provides a completely new account of the political thought and culture of Elizabethan and early Stuart England. It examines the centrality of humanist rhetoric in the pre-revolutionary educational system and its vital contribution to the political culture of the period. Humanism, Markku Peltonen argues, was crucial to the development of the participatory character of English politics as schoolboys were taught how to speak about taxation and foreign policy, liberty and tyranny. A series of case studies illustrates how pre-revolutionary Englishmen used the rhetorical tools their schoolmasters had taught them in political and parliamentary debates. The common people and the multitude were the orator's chief audience and eloquence was often seen as a popular art. But there were also those who followed these developments with growing dismay and Peltonen examines further the ways in which populist elements in political rhetoric were questioned in pre-revolutionary England"--

Introduction : 'Gone missing' : democracy and anti-democracy in seventeenth-century England / Cesare Cuttica and Markku Peltonen -- Imagining citizenship in the Levellers and Milton / Rachel Foxley -- Democracy, toleration, and the interests of the people / Alan Cromartie -- 'All government is in the people, from the people, and for the people' : democracy in the English Revolution / Markku Peltonen -- The place of democracy in late Stuart England / Hannah Dawson -- 'A most dangerous rudeness' : anti-populism and the literary justification of absolutism in the fiction of John Barclay (1582-1621) / Matthew Growhoski -- The spectre haunting early seventeenth-century England (ca. 1603-1649) : democracy at its worst / Cesare Cuttica -- Anti-puritanism as political fiscourse : the Laudian critique of Puritan 'popularity' / Peter Lake -- Presbyterians, republicans, and democracy in church and state, c.1570-1660 / Rachel Hammersley -- Poetry, the passions, and anti-democracy in later Stuart England / John West -- Democracy and anti-democracy : the Roger Williams and John Cotton debate revisited / Camilla Boisen -- 'The vulgar only scap'd who stood without' : Milton and the politics of exclusion / Martin Dzelzainis -- A democratic culture? : women, citizenship and subscriptional texts in early modern England / Edward Vallance -- The parliament of women and the restoration crisis / Gaby Mahlberg.

Background: Studies using traditional measures of socio-economic position, such as education, income and occupation, have found inequalities in depressive symptoms, but less is known about the association between financial satisfaction and depressive symptoms. Aims: To examine the association of depressive symptoms with financial satisfaction in Finnish adults in a population-based cross-sectional FIN-D2D survey. Methods: Four thousand, five hundred randomly selected individuals aged 45–74 years were invited to the study. Participation rate for health examinations was 64%. Complete information on depressive symptoms and financial satisfaction was available for 2,819 individuals. Financial satisfaction was asked using a questionnaire. Depressive symptoms were measured by Beck Depression Inventory (≥ 10) and/or use of antidepressants. Results: Altogether 11.6% of individuals who were satisfied with their financial situation had depressive symptoms. Corresponding figures for individuals who were somewhat satisfied or dissatisfied were 20.6% and 42.6%, respectively. Individuals who were less satisfied with their financial situation were more likely to suffer from depressive symptoms even after adjusting for gender, age, marital status, number of chronic diseases, smoking, binge drinking, physical activity, education and household income. Conclusions: Instead of more traditional measures of socio-economic position, financial dissatisfaction seems to be associated with depressive symptoms in Finnish adults.