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THE ARTICLE PROVIDES A CLASSIFICATION OF THE ACTIVITIES OF THE MODERN STATE, EMBRACING 32 WESTERN-TYPE NATIONS FROM 1849. THE FIRST TWO SECTIONS OF THE PAPER ELABORATE A COMPREHENSIVE CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR CLASSIFYING ACTIVITIES AS DEFINING, MOBILIZING AND PROVIDING SOCIAL BENEFITS. THE CONCLUDING SECTION CONSIDERS THE PRIORITIES OF STATES WHEN CONSTRAINED BY RESOURCE LIMITATIONS.

THE PURPOSE OF THIS RESEARCH NOTE IS TO EXAMINE SYSTEMATICALLY AND EMPIRICALLY FAMILAR BUT UNTESTED GENERALIZATIONS AS TO THE POLITICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF MONARCHY TODAY. SURVEY DATA, ANALYZXEO IN THE FIRST 3 PARTS, MEASURE PODULAR ATTITUDES. THE FIMAL SECTION OF THIS ARTICLE TESTS GENERALIZATIONS ABOUT THE SIGNIFICANCE OF MONOARCHIES IN A HISTORICAL AND COMPARATIVE CONTEXT.

This book documents what happens when people encounter public officials. It draws on multi-national Barometer surveys asking questions about corruption and bribery in 119 countries. Clear prose, tables and figures report the answers given by more than 250,000 people and the conclusion sets out six principles for reducing bribery

The degree of citizen trust & support for political parties was examined using comparative data from a series of sample surveys carried out in 10 postcommunist countries, 1993/94. Results showed that the majority of voters distrust parties & do not identify with them. "Don't Know" was the most common response when asked to express a party preference. The findings reflect a legacy of partisan distrust & indicate that party support is extremely volatile, although most respondents expressed clear ideas about economic preferences & felt greater freedom from states that can no longer influence them as they once did. The future of participatory democracies depends on the development of trustworthy parties with clear economic & social programs. 8 Tables, 27 References. J. Lindroth

The process starts with scanning programmes in effect elsewhere, and ends with the prospective evaluation of what would happen if a programme already in effect elsewhere were transferred here in future. Lesson drawing is part of a contested political process; there is no assurance that a lesson drawn will be both desirable and practical. (Abstract amended)