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A review essay on books by (1) Isaiah Berlin, Political Ideas in the Romantic Age: Their Rise and Influence on Modern Thought (Henry Hardy, [Ed]; Introduction by Joshua L. Cherniss, London: Pimlico, 2007); (2) Isaiah Berlin & Beata Polanowska-Sygulska, Unfinished Dialogue (Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2006); & (3) George Crowder & Henry Hardy [Eds], The One and the Many: Reading Isiah Berlin (Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books, 2007).

AbstractResting-state fMRI based on analyzing BOLD signals is widely used to derive functional networks in the brain and how they alter during disease or injury conditions. Resting-state networks can also be used to study brain functional connectomes across species, which provides insights into brain evolution. The squirrel monkey (SM) is a non-human primate (NHP) that is widely used as a preclinical model for experimental manipulations to understand the organization and functioning of the brain. We derived resting-state networks from the whole brain of anesthetized SMs using Independent Component Analysis of BOLD acquisitions. We detected 15 anatomically constrained resting-state networks localized in the cortical and subcortical regions as well as in the white-matter. Networks encompassing visual, somatosensory, executive control, sensorimotor, salience and default mode regions, and subcortical networks including the Hippocampus-Amygdala, thalamus, basal-ganglia and brainstem region correspond well with previously detected networks in humans and NHPs. The connectivity pattern between the networks also agrees well with previously reported seed-based resting-state connectivity of SM brain. This study demonstrates that SMs share remarkable homologous network organization with humans and other NHPs, thereby providing strong support for their suitability as a translational animal model for research and additional insight into brain evolution across species.

A medley of Labour MPs and parliamentary candidates reflect on their own distinctive experiences of the 2015 General Election campaign, while also drawing attention to some increasingly important issues in British politics.

A medley of Labour MPs and parliamentary candidates reflect on their own distinctive experiences of the 2015 General Election campaign, while also drawing attention to some increasingly important issues in British politics.