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Museum telah jamak diartikan sebagai suatu lembaga, atau juga bisa sebagai suatu tempat, yang menyajikan suatu informasi terbuka kepada publik, mudah diakses, bergerak dalam bidang konservasi, penelitian dan publikasi warisan bersejarah, serta berkotribusi untuk pendidikan, penelitian serta rekreasi (ICOM (2007) dalam Brown & Mairesse (2018)). Saat ini museum di beberapa negara digunakan sebagai etalase, yang menyajikan informasi tertentu yang diinginkan oleh rezim yang sedang berkuasa (Denton, 2014). Irian Barat atau saat ini lebih dikenal dengan nama Papua merupakan wilayah NKRI yang dulunya berada dalam kekuasaan Belanda. Irian Jaya Barat masuk bergabung menjadi bagian NKRI sejak tahun 1963. Perjuangan yang dilakukan pemerintah Indonesia demi membebaskan Irian Jaya Barat dilakukan dengan berbagai upaya, yakni dalam bentuk diplomasi, politik, ekonomi bahkan dengan menggunakan senjata. Naskah illmiah ini akan menguraikan bagaimana bahasan mengenai proses sejarah sebuah kawasan dapat menjadi dasar perencanaan museum yang berada di Kota Sorong, Papua. Tahapan yang dilakukan dalam penulisan naskah ilmiah ini meliputi (1) studi pustaka mengenai museum dan memorabilia; (2) studi pustaka mengenai proses perjuangan pembebasan Irian Jaya Barat; (3) melakukan analisis mengenai elemen konsep dasar perancangan museum perjuangan pembebasan Irian Jaya Barat berdasar memorabilia dan visualisasi desain; (4) rumusan kesimpulan. Pembahasan penerapan konsep melalui pemaknaan lokasi sebagai lansekap sejarah, ruang museum sebagai media penceritaan sejarah dan gubahan massa bangunan museum sebagai media penceritaan sejarah. Kata Kunci : museum, memorabilia, perjuangan pembebasan Irian Jaya Barat, dasar perancangan

The research was conducted begins on government policy on implementation of Islamic sharia in Aceh. Pesantren's education pattern has emphasized more on strengthen professional fields simultanously and strengthenIislamic scope dan akhlakul karimah (character education). Qualitative method was used in this study with descriptive approach. Result showed that curriculum currently used in pesantren is refer to dayah salafi (traditional pesantren) in Aceh, which used Kitab as main source of knowledge in teaching process. While media used in teaching process were Arab's Kitab, video, playback of religious lectures, and wall magazines. The methode used in teaching process were advice, teacher exemplary, teaching and counseling, habituation of religious practice, motivation straightening, coordination with santri's parents, and coordination with dayah's stakeholder, morals coaching output, and reward and punishment methods.AbstrakPenelitian dilakukan berawal dari kebijakan Pemerintah terhadap implementasi syariat Islam di Aceh. Pola pendidikan pesantren memiliki tradisi dan kultur akademik yang lebih menekankan pada penguatan bidang profesional secarasi simultan, serta penguatan pada bidang-bidang keislaman dan pendidikan akhlakul karimah. Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kurikulum yang berlaku di pesantren semuanya mengacu kepada kurikulum dayah salafi di Aceh dengan menjadikan kitab sebagai sumber utama dalam proses belajar mengajar. Media yang digunakan pada proses pembelajaran adalah kitab-kitab Arab, tayangan vidio, pemutaran ceramah agama dan pemanfaatan madding. Sedangkan metode yang digunakan meliputi metode nasehat, keteladanan guru, bimbingan dan pendampingan, praktek dan pembiasaan amalan ibadah, pelurusan motivasi, koordinasi dengan wali santri, koordinasi dengan stakeholder dayah, out put pembinaan akhlak dan reward serta punisment.

Many studies emphasized the importance on how schools expand their role beyond the academics improvement, particularly in terms of improving and creating children's wellbeing. Unfortunately the system in Indonesia has not been able to bridge the gap even though the research concept of 'how can schools promote children's wellbeing' is widely offered. This research aims to explore the concept of a well-being school, considering the voices of children, teachers, and parents as the most important aspects in basic education. The participants involved 30 children, 30 parents, and 30 teachers from 3 types of schools (public, private, non-religious, and private Islam) in Yogyakarta Province. Collecting data used Focus Group Discussion and the analysis used Grounded Analysis to create concepts theories. The research showed that schools in Indonesia functioned as the second home after the family. It was found that the term 'fun school' is a model of school which is expected to create happiness and function optimally. The main principles of fun school development are: 1) creating a positive and ethical learning environment, 2) problem-based relevant learning, 3) human and digital interactions, 4) character development through emotional social learning. The foundation of the five principles uses the main values unique to Indonesia, kinship and mutual cooperation. The concept is carried out through the 'Fun School Movement' and is able to create hundreds of model schools in the Yogyakarta, Central Java, Tangerang, Tangsel region, and thousands of school networks in Indonesia with a grassroots approach, has also been adopted by several local governments and is recognized by the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture. Banyak penelitian menekankan pentingnya sekolah meluaskan perannya lebih dari sekadar meningkatkan akademik, juga menciptakan well-being anak. Sayangnya sistem di Indonesia belum mampu menjembatani meski konsep penelitian 'bagaimana sekolah mampu mempromosikan wellbeing anak' banyak ditawarkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi konsep sekolah well-being, yang mempertimbangkan suara anak, guru, dan orangtua sebagai hal terpenting pendidikan dasar. Partisipannya melibatkan 30 anak, 30 orangtua, dan 30 guru dari 3 tipe sekolah (negeri, swasta nonagamis, dan swasta Islam) di Provinsi Yogyakarta. Pengambilan data menggunakan Focus Group Discussion dan analisisnya menggunakan Grounded Analysis untuk menciptakan konsep/teori. Hasil penelitian menemukan, sekolah di Indonesia berfungsi sebagai rumah kedua setelah keluarga. Ditemukan term 'sekolah menyenangkan' sebagai model sekolah diharapkan menciptakan kebahagiaan dan berfungsi optimal. Prinsip utama pembangunan sekolah menyenangkan: 1) penciptaan lingkungan belajar positif dan etis, 2) pembelajaran relevan dengan problem based, 3) interaksi manusia dan digital, 4) penumbuhan karakter melalui pembelajaran sosial emosi. Fondasi kelima prinsip menggunakan nilai utama khas Indonesia, kekeluargaan dan gotong-royong. Konsep dijalankan melalui 'Gerakan Sekolah Menyenangkan' dan mampu menciptakan ratusan sekolah model di wilayah Yogyakarta, Jawa Tengah, Tangerang, Tangsel, dan ribuan jejaring sekolah di Indonesia dengan pendekatan akar rumput, juga sudah diadopsi beberapa pemerintah daerah dan diketahui Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Indonesia.

The exoneration clause is still used in the online transportation agreement clause, when the user registers. This has an impact on the legal uncertainty for consumers in the protection of their personal data managed by the application business actors. This study aims to analyze the presence or absence of violations in Article 18 of the Consumer Protection Law related to exoneration clauses in online transportation, and forms of legal protection of consumer personal data in standard contracts. This research is a normative legal research, with a statue approach and comparative approach. The results of this study are that application business actors have transferred the responsibility of protecting consumer personal data which should be the obligation of the application business actor. The application of exoneration clauses carried out by application businesses is very detrimental to consumers by feeling insecure and comfortable in using online transportation services. Forms of legal protection from the government related to consumer personal data in using online transportation services with the obligation of businesses to revise and replace losses suffered by consumers.

Biogas is a renewable energy source needed as an alternative potential fuel. This research aims to 1) analyse perceptions and participations of community to the development of biogas in Kecamatan Tamban Catur, Kabupaten Kapuas, 2) identify factors influencing the success of biogas development in Kecamatan Tamban Catur, Kabupaten Kapuas, and 3) analyse the benefits of using biogas for community in Kecamatan Tamban Catur, Kabupaten Kapuas. The research was carried out in Sidomulyo, Sidorejo, and Warnasari Villages in Kecamatan Tamban Catur, Kapuas Regency. The research was conducted using survey data, and the data were further analyzed through descriptive statistics involving 33 respondents who have received the program of biogas development in Kecamatan Tamban Catur Kapuas Regency. The dependent variables were perceptions and participations of community while the independent variables were ages, the number of cattle, education, supporting program, and duration of biogas utilization. The results indicated that community perceptions of the biogas development were positively increasing (78.8%). The F-Test showed that independent variables influencing community perceptions significantly (P0.05) of independent variables to the community participations. Factors influencing the success of biogas development in Kecamatan Tamban Catur were passion, the number of cattle, floor types, applicable technology, and supporting programs from the government agencies. There are several advantages of using biogas for the community. First, the use of biogas improves cost efficiency per month by reducing the usage of fuel/kerosene for about 15 liters (Rp.150.000,-) and the usage of 60 bundles of fire-wood (Rp.120.000,-). Moreover, utilizing solid and liquid organic fertilizer increased daily income for Rp. 10.000,- and Rp. 48.000,- respectively. In addition, biogas application is more environmentally-friendly.

Objective: This study aims to determine the existence and position of customary law communities in Indonesia and to examine how the constitutionality of customary law in Indonesia is from the perspective of sociological jurisprudence.Method: The method used in this research is a normative juridical approach which is focused on examining various kinds of laws and regulations and theoretical concepts. In this study, researchers examine the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, Law No. 41 of 1999 concerning Forestry, until the Constitutional Court Decision No. 35/PUU-X/2012 concerning Customary Forests, while for the theoretical conceptual approach the researcher examines the concept of customary law, and the concept of customary law communities and their relation to the concept of sociological jurisprudence.Finding: The results of the study show that the concept of customary law as part of the State of Indonesia when viewed from the perspective of Sociological Jurisprudence as a law that grows and lives in society. Juridically, the traditional rights of indigenous and tribal people are also constitutional rights because they are stated in the constitution, as emphasized in Article 18 paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, in relation to sociological jurisprudence, the new positive law will be effective if its implementation is appropriate and contains the principles that live in society. The gravity of the law is not found from the law itself, but from the community. So it is proper that the content and protection and recognition related to the existence of customary law are regulated in laws and regulations.Usage: This article can provide input for policy makers, especially the central and local governments regarding the urgency of the formation of a draft law on customary law communities, where the law is expected to provide legal protection to the rights of indigenous peoples because indigenous peoples have existed long before the Republic of Indonesia was formed so that its existence was recognized in the Constitution.Novelty: Legal certainty regarding the constitutionality of customary law in Indonesia is particularly important for indigenous peoples, and extremely useful for recognizing the existence of indigenous peoples in Indonesia. Determining the constitutionality of customary law in Indonesia in the perspective of sociological jurisprudence will ensure legal certainty in relation to customary law, which until now there are no explicit rules governing customary law in Indonesia.

In order to provide information on cross-sector legislation that can be accessed by the public, the National Legal Development Board (BPHN) has created a national-level website jdihn.go.id. But currently there are JDIH websites in each district and city. Therefore, we conducted a website survey in each district and city in Java. Java Island itself has 119 regencies and cities (85 regencies and 34 cities). We find out the web technology used in each JDIH district and city web sites, such as web servers, web programming languages, CSS, content management systems and web frameworks using the Wappalizer application and from the results of the analysis it is concluded that the JDIH website in Java has used a framework according to website standard requirements.Keywords— Framework, JDIH, Analyze, Website

In recent decades, non-wood lignocellulosic materials have gained significant attention, particularly in concrete applications for construction purposes. This study delves into utilising non-wood lignocellulosic materials for reinforcing concrete in construction applications. Lignocellulosic material emerges as a promising option for formulating new fibre cement compositions, thereby enhancing the sustainability, affordability, and performance of construction materials. Moreover, this research broadens the horizons of recycling agricultural waste by facilitating rational disposal and optimal utilisation. Through a comprehensive review, the study reveals that flax fibres, coir pith, prickly pear fibres, and rice husk ash waste exhibit superior workability compared to their counterparts. Furthermore, the strength of non-wood lignocellulosic reinforced concrete, incorporating bagasse ash, rice husk ash, and nutshell ash, peaked when fine aggregate replacement reached 15%, surpassing other types of non-wood lignocellulosic reinforced concrete. Adding a small quantity of prickly pear fibre to cement enhances the thermal conductivity of concrete, consequently improving compressive strength, flexural strength, tensile strength, and elastic modulus. This research is relevant to international research as it advances sustainable construction materials with desirable properties, benefiting society and various industries.