Soekarno menyeru umat Islam untuk "menggali api Islam",. Perdebatan mengenai bentuk negara antara nasionalis-sekuler dengan kelompok nasionalis-Islam membuat Soekarno berpikir untuk menemukan formulasi yang bisa diterima oleh semua kelompok, yakni Rumusan Pancasila sila pertama yaitu Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa yang merupakan akumulasi perdebatan dua kelompok tersebut. Selain perdebatan tersebut, Soekarno juga menghadapi persoalan sistem parlementer yang mengalami jatuh bangun sehingga Soekarno menggagas Demokrasi Terpimpin. Di sisi lain, Soekarno juga menggagas konsep NASAKOM atau integrasi persoalan bangsa dari nasionalisme (PNI), agama (NU) dan sosialisme (PKI) dengan dukungan militer. Hal ini tentunya menarik untuk diteliti dan menjadi tulisan yang dapat memaparkan mengenai sikap dan kebijaksanaan Soekarno, utamanya mengenai bidang ideologi dan keagamaan dalam khazanah sejarah tanah air.
ABSTRAK Soekarno menyeru umat Islam untuk "menggali api Islam", karena Soekarno melihat bahwa kaum Muslimin baik di Indonesia maupun di dunia hanya mewarisi "abu" dan "arang" yang mati dan statis dari warisan kultural. Kemunduran Islam disebabkan karena pensakralan fiqh dan ijma ulama yang kemudian berujung pada penutupan pintu ijtihad, bahkan Fiqh telah menjadi algojo roh semangat Islam. Dalam persoalan tabir, pensucian bekas jilatan anjing, transfusi darah, perbedaan bank dengan riba harus dilakukan rekontruksi kalau Islam ingin maju. Perdebatan mengenai bentuk negara antara nasionalis-sekuler dengan kelompok nasionalis-Islam membuat Soekarno berpikir untuk menemukan formulasi yang bisa diterima oleh semua kelompok, yakni Rumusan Pancasila sila pertama yaitu Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa yang merupakan akumulasi perdebatan dua kelompok tersebut. Selain perdebatan tersebut, Soekarno juga menghadapi persoalan sistem parlementer yang mengalami jatuh bangun sehingga Soekarno menggagas Demokrasi Terpimpin serta Soekarno menggagas konsep NASAKOM atau integrasi persoalan bangsa dari nasionalisme (PNI), agama (NU), dan sosialisme (PKI) dengan dukungan militer. Kata Kunci: Transformatif, Soekarno, Pancasila, dan Nasakom ABSTRACTSoekarno called on Muslims to "dig up the fire of Islam", because Soekarno saw that Muslims both in Indonesia and in the world only inherited dead and static "ashes" and "charcoal" from cultural heritage. The decline of Islam was caused by the sanctification of fiqh and ijma ulama which then led to the closing of the door of ijtihad, even Fiqh had become the executioner of the spirit of Islamic spirit. In the case of veils, purification of dog licks, blood transfusions, bank differences with usury must be reconstructed if Islam wants to advance. The debate about the form of the state between nationalist-secular and nationalist-Islamic groups led Sukarno to think of finding a formulation that could be accepted by all groups, namely the Pancasila Formulation of the first precepts, namely the Almighty Godhead which is the accumulation of the debates of the two groups. In addition to the debate, Soekarno also faced the problem of a parliamentary system which had fallen and so Sukarno initiated Guided Democracy and Sukarno initiated the NASAKOM concept or integration of national problems from nationalism (PNI), religion (NU) and socialism (PKI) with military support. Keywords: Transformative, Sukarno, Pancasila, and Nasakom
Sadewa Alibassa Koesoema Widjajaningrat or known as Madrais was born in Kuningan and had studied religious insight at several Islamic boarding schools. However, the pattern of his life was dominated by mysticism, so that he feels he has received revelation from God. It was on the basis of receiving this revelation that Madrais founded the Agama Djawa Sunda (ADS). The Agama Djawa Sunda (ADS) is one of the local belief systems in Indonesia and had developed in the Cigugur, Kuningan and several other areas in West Java. In its development, it often experiences obstacles and resistances. Even so, its adherents are still able to maintain the Agama Djawa Sunda (ADS) and move according to the times. The basic conception of Javanese-Sundanese belief lies on three main pillars, namely the Concept of God, Pikukuh Tilu and Customary Law (Circumcision, Marriage and Death) according to the teachings developed in ADS.
This research aimed to analyze Import North Sumatera for causality and cointegration method between Import, GDRP North Sumatera, Exchange rate and inflation during the period 1990-2015 for short and long term equilibrium relationship. From the results of causality test indicate GDRP North Sumatera had two way causality to Import North Sumatera. Import cause of GDRP North Sumatera and otherwise GDRP cause of Import North Sumatera. Cointegration test and Error Correction Mechanism indicate GDRP North Sumatera as positively and significant influence Import for short and long term equilibrium relationship for during the period 1990-2015. Whereas exchange rate and inflation had one way causality to Import North Sumatera. To Indonesia Government regulation hopely can control import product especially North Sumatera. High GDRP North Sumatera value can used to increasing other activities economic like development financing local. We need import but no dependency, import cause for resources not available in domestic or local. The Indonesia oriented sure keep on the import value every year of time for high GDRP value
This study aims to analyze and explain the effect of Self-Leadership, and Entrepreneurial Orientation on Organizational Commitment. Simultaneously, the paper analyzes the effect of Self-Leadership and Entrepreneurial Orientation on Performance. Secondly, to the influence of Organizational Commitment as well as Self-Leadership and Entrepreneurial Orientation on Performance. The number of samples in this study were 153 consist of small and medium enterprises. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) were used in this study. The results showed that Self-Leadership and Entrepreneurial Orientation influence Organizational Commitment. Self-Leadership and Entrepreneurial Orientation affect Performance. Organizational Commitment influences Performance. Self-Leadership and Entrepreneurial Orientation influence Performance through Organizational Commitment.
Observing the role of course center to provide public access to informal learning is rare in many literature body. In addition, there is lack of information about strategies implemented by course center to improve their performance in managing the course center management. The paper analyzes the factors influencing the performance of course center in Jakarta region to fulfill the learner needs. A novelty is proposed in this paper as a model to understand how the course center can improve their performance to provide informal learning and the performance of center management. The paper uses a quantitative type with purposive sampling questionaire which distributed to the tutor, course center manager, course owners and office staffs. Our analysis result showed that the course center needs integrating their strategies to maximize their function in the community. This research is useful to provide input to the government and course managers so that the course center in Jakarta can improve their performance to fulfill the learner needs.DOI:10.24071/ijiet.2020.040112
This study aims to describe the elements of local financial management that include: the effectiveness of financial planning, the effectiveness of budget execution control, transparency and accountability of financial reporting, the effectiveness of internal and external party supervision, and the performance, as well as the public service; analyze the influence of effectiveness of financial planning, effectiveness of budget execution control, transparency and accountability of financial reporting, and effectiveness of internal and external party supervision on performance; analyze the influence of effectiveness of financial planning, effectiveness of budget execution control, transparency and accountability of financial reporting, and effectiveness of internal and external party supervision on public services; analyze the effect of the performance on public services; and analyze the influence of effectiveness of financial planning, effectiveness of budget execution control, transparency and accountability of financial reporting, and the effectiveness of internal and external party supervision on public service through performance. The analysis technique used is descriptive analysis and structural equation modeling analysis. The effectiveness of financial planning, the effectiveness of budget execution control, transparency and accountability of financial reporting, and the effectiveness of internal and external party supervision have an effect on the performance. The effectiveness of financial planning, the effectiveness of budget execution control, transparency and accountability of financial reporting, and the effectiveness of internal and external oversight of supervisors on public services. The performance of the Local Government Work Unit influences public services. The effectiveness of financial planning, the effectiveness of budget execution control, transparency and accountability of financial reporting, and the effectiveness of internal and external party supervision affect public services through the performance.
This study aims to describe the elements of local financial management that include: the effectiveness of financial planning, the effectiveness of budget execution control, transparency and accountability of financial reporting, the effectiveness of internal and external party supervision, and the performance, as well as the public service; analyze the influence of effectiveness of financial planning, effectiveness of budget execution control, transparency and accountability of financial reporting, and effectiveness of internal and external party supervision on performance; analyze the influence of effectiveness of financial planning, effectiveness of budget execution control, transparency and accountability of financial reporting, and effectiveness of internal and external party supervision on public services; analyze the effect of the performance on public services; and analyze the influence of effectiveness of financial planning, effectiveness of budget execution control, transparency and accountability of financial reporting, and the effectiveness of internal and external party supervision on public service through performance. The analysis technique used is descriptive analysis and structural equation modeling analysis. The effectiveness of financial planning, the effectiveness of budget execution control, transparency and accountability of financial reporting, and the effectiveness of internal and external party supervision have an effect on the performance. The effectiveness of financial planning, the effectiveness of budget execution control, transparency and accountability of financial reporting, and the effectiveness of internal and external oversight of supervisors on public services. The performance of the Local Government Work Unit influences public services. The effectiveness of financial planning, the effectiveness of budget execution control, transparency and accountability of financial reporting, and the effectiveness of internal and external party supervision affect public services through the performance.
This study aims to describe the elements of local financial management that include: the effectiveness of financial planning, the effectiveness of budget execution control, transparency and accountability of financial reporting, the effectiveness of internal and external party supervision, and the performance, as well as the public service; analyze the influence of effectiveness of financial planning, effectiveness of budget execution control, transparency and accountability of financial reporting, and effectiveness of internal and external party supervision on performance; analyze the influence of effectiveness of financial planning, effectiveness of budget execution control, transparency and accountability of financial reporting, and effectiveness of internal and external party supervision on public services; analyze the effect of the performance on public services; and analyze the influence of effectiveness of financial planning, effectiveness of budget execution control, transparency and accountability of financial reporting, and the effectiveness of internal and external party supervision on public service through performance. The analysis technique used is descriptive analysis and structural equation modeling analysis. The effectiveness of financial planning, the effectiveness of budget execution control, transparency and accountability of financial reporting, and the effectiveness of internal and external party supervision have an effect on the performance. The effectiveness of financial planning, the effectiveness of budget execution control, transparency and accountability of financial reporting, and the effectiveness of internal and external oversight of supervisors on public services. The performance of the Local Government Work Unit influences public services. The effectiveness of financial planning, the effectiveness of budget execution control, transparency and accountability of financial reporting, and the effectiveness of internal and external party supervision affect public services through the performance.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of organizational culture and work commitment mediates the Islamic work ethos on employee performance in the Government. This type of research includes explanatory research; population of this study is civil servants who are Muslims in the work unit. Slovins' formula is used to determine the number of research samples taken by proportional random sampling. Data analysis techniques use descriptive analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results of this study prove that the organizational culture and work commitment mediate Islamic work ethos lead to employee performance. Islamic work ethos is reflected more in the nature of trust, responsible work, the organizational culture is reflected more the value of innovation and risk, using operational procedures standard. Work commitment reflected by normative commitment, consistent obedience, compliance with rules and performance of employees described as reflected by quantity of work, trying to meet the work target set. Implications for the organization need an innovative organizational culture while built a strong normative commitment at once. This will effectively mediate Islamic work ethos to improving employee performance.
AbstractThe worldwide movement toward digitisation in public service delivery presents a range of opportunities and risks. The potential benefits include improved efficiency, more consistent service delivery decisions and enhanced responsiveness to citizens' demand. The potential risks range from challenges in data use and privacy, to uneven service accessibility and the costly ICT investment required for digitisation. Researchers have begun to assess this important movement and its impacts. There remains a lack of in‐depth understanding of digitisation of public service delivery in developing countries. We aim to address that gap by examining a fully online welfare‐to‐work programme in a developing country, that is Indonesia's Pre‐employment Card Program. Using data collected from semi‐structured interviews with policymakers and service providers, we found evidence that digitalisation contributed to the programme's efficiency and effectiveness via, for example, automated registration processes and quick and revisable rollout. Its implementation however was not without challenges such as a digital divide among users and some technical problems. Indonesia's experiences with this fully digital programme suggest that a developing country, despite limited financial and administrative capacity, can embark on the digitalisation journey to improve their public service provision, even during the time of crisis.
AbstractRegardless of their prevalence and considerable expansion since the 1980s, evidence concerning the impact of welfare conditionality and marketisation in active labour market policies (ALMPs) has been inconclusive and mostly limited to developed and transition economies. Using mixed methods for collecting and analysing data, this study investigates the deployment of these two policy instruments in the latest addition to the stock of ALMPs: the Kartu Prakerja Program of Indonesia. Our findings indicate positive effects derived from such incorporation of the two instruments in this new program. Specifically, we observed a high level of jobseekers' engagement and employment outcomes. The program also shaped the development of a provider market that is of higher standard of professionalism. It, however, is not exempt from problems that seem to be of perennial nature in other welfare‐to‐work programs, pointing to the need for greater service tailoring and provider engagement. Impressively, the program represents an example of a genuine policy learning in both policy formulation and re‐formulation during the time of crisis, given that it has been run successfully, along with various adaptions quickly made in response to changing circumstances.Points for practitioners Welfare conditionality and marketisation in the delivery of publicly funded employment services have been two key features of many welfare regimes. However, evidence concerning their impact is still inconclusive and especially lacking in a developing country context. There exist similarities in the impacts of these two policy instruments across country contexts. Notably, national factors such as economy informality and culture are critical to interpret and understand their impacts. Coupled with genuine policy learning in both policy formulation and re‐formulation, successful innovations during a time of crisis are possible.
This study aimed to analyze the linking of Islamic work ethos to the performance of employees through organizational commitment in a city government. The types of research include explanatory research, by developing survey methods, using questionnaires with city government employees as the respondents. The population of this study are all civil servants who are Muslims and enter the work unit. From the number of employees are taken samples with Slovin formula and 7% alpha. Then, it obtained 178 people as the research samples by using proportional random sampling technique. The data analysis techniques were using descriptive analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM). The results prove that the commitment of the organization is reflected by the commitment of sustainability, with the ethos of communication among employees and superiors. Organizational commitment plays a strategic role in mediating the work ethos of Islam on the performance of employees that is reflected in their communicative nature by building the cooperation in harmony.
In the Hindu-Buddhist period until the VOC, the role of the river was very important, because the river was the main highway that was easy and needed by the people of Cirebon as a means of transportation to connect the coastal area (Port) with the interior (hinterland). But during the Dutch East Indies, the existence of rivers in the city of Cirebon has been changed. As the underlying factors, the change in the existence of a river is: firstly, Along with the time and technology development also the increasing of goods and services needs that continue to the needs of exploitation of colony, as well as for make efficient the distribution of goods and services, which then continues to the Government of the Indies-Netherland make the change from river transportation modes to many modes of land transportation development like highways and trains, secondly, unhealthy river ecological conditions also influence, so many people are often affected by disease outbreaks due to unhealthy river conditions and when the rainy season comes, the river overflows and floods people's homes (flooding). These factors are the background of the Indies-Netherland government to make a change to the existence of rivers in the city of Cirebon, such as dredging the Old River "Kali Bacin", normalizing Sukalila River, normalizing Sipadu River and making drainage (culverts).
The village chief election is a form of village autonomy in the political aspect which aims to choose a prospecting leader od the village. It is a form of democracy in the village level. This is because the society is directly involved in it. The problem which arise regarding the Village Chief Election in Indonesia is the deviation of campaign activities which is against the regulation. Some deviations found by the researcher include incitement from the supporters to the society. This incitement is done by insulting other prospecting village head or negative campaign which may disturb the village head election system. Based on the Constitution No. 6 year 2014 Article 36 paragraph 3, "Prospecting Village Chiefs may undergo campaign based on the condition of the village society and the provisions of the constitutional regulations". Yet, the reality is sometimes not according to the regulations
