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Bemühungen der madagassischen Regierung, das Malagasy als Staatssprache einzuführen. Neuere Forschungsergebnisse zum Verhältnis der französischen zur madagassischen Sprache und zu ihrer Anwendung in der Bevölkerung. (DÜI-Mro)

Examines situation of senior citizens in need of assistance in eastern Germany since the early 1990s.

Die Autoren stellen dar, welchen Werdegang Madagaskar in den eineinhalb Jahrzehnten seit Proklamierung eines sozialistisch orientierten Entwicklungsweges genommen hat, welches Bild die gesellschaftlichen Verhältnisse heute bieten, welche sozialen Kräfte Einfluß auf die Entwicklung des Landes genommen haben (und nehmen) und wie die aktuellen Probleme mit Blick auf die weitere gesellschaftliche Perspektive gelöst werden sollen. (DÜI-Sen)

Abstract
Background
In July 2021, destructive floods in Western Europe were triggered by enormous precipitation rates related to a low-pressure system named "Bernd." These catastrophic events led not only to major damage to infrastructure, severe economic losses, and the loss of lives but also to significant landscape changes and modifications. Here, we focus, as a case study, on the flood aftermath of the Ahr Valley in Rhineland-Palatinate state in western Germany, as it was one of the most affected and destroyed regions by the flood. We utilize high-resolution Digital Terrain Models (DTMs) based on airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) that were taken shortly before and after the flood to investigate insights into geomorphic changes.

Results
By calculating Digital Terrain Models of Difference (DoD), we are able to quantify volumetric and areal changes caused by erosional and depositional processes for different sites in the Ahr Valley. Due to the morphology of the narrow Ahr Valley, most of the erosion and deposition is located within the deeply incised canyon of the Ahr River. The comprehensive analysis reveals notable morphological modifications throughout the study area, with a calculated erosion/deposition areal ratio of 0.46 and an erosion/deposition volumetric ratio of 0.63. Our findings indicate massive deposition regarding both areal and volumetric. We selected six different locations along the Ahr Valley that showcase distinct aspects of flood-induced fluvial morpho-dynamics. Deposition occurred mainly in point bars and downstream of destroyed artificial levees, in a braided river style.

Conclusion
Our investigations contribute to an overview and assessment of the morphological response to the destructive flood in the Ahr Valley. The results emphasize the necessity for implementing effective flood management strategies, as most of the urban areas in the Ahr Valley were flooded. Moreover, our results provide valuable insights into the impacted areas, highlighting vulnerable locations for flood-related erosion and deposition. This information could contribute to future mitigation and protection efforts, aiding in the development of comprehensive strategies to minimize the impact of similar events in the future.