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This report discusses the Danish experience with civil-military integration in the case of Afghanistan. It places emphasis on the political nature of the challenge in high-conflict areas. It finds that fragile, post-conflict situations such as that found in Badahkshan in Afghanistan should be treated differently from the in-conflict, failed state situation as found in Helmand. Where military and civilian activities are to be integrated in failed state situations, the two activities are said to benefit from being organized separately in fragile situations.

Hvordan skal vi fortolke shiaislams betydning i den nyere tids politiske udvikling i Irak? Hvad var forholdet mellem de shiaislamistiske partier og de shiaislamiske institutioner i denne udvikling og hvad er det i dag? Drejede det sig om at indføre et shiaislamisk teokrati, eller var shiaislam, dets rituelle praksisser, ideologi og institutioner snarere en løftestang, der gjorde det muligt for den historisk marginaliserede shiitiske befolkning i Irak at få politisk indflydelse?

This volume explores the development of Syria's political economy under the Baath, particularly the role of the state in facilitating or obstructing economic development. Raymond Hinnebusch provides a brief overview of the literature and debates on the issue. His examination of Syria's political economy under populism (1963-2000) is followed by Søren Schmidt's analysis of the post-populist period since 2000.Contents:Debates on Syrian Political Economy Under the Baath—R. HinnebuschThe Political Economy of Populist Authoritarianism—R. HinnebuschThe Developmental Role of the State: Lessons from Syria—S. Schmidt.

Examining the international dimensions of the Syrian conflict, this book studies external factors relating to the uprising. It explores the involvement of outside powers and the events' impact both on regional and international level. Syria was widely perceived to be essential to the regional power balance, hence it was a valued prize to be fought over. The book examines the impact of global and regional powers in propelling the conflict in Syria; looks at the motives and strategies of the key regional and international actors (Hizbollah, Palestinians; Iran, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, US, Russia, EU) and analyses the impact of the Syrian conflict on key relations between regional states (Turkey-Syria, Turkey-Iran, Iraq-Syria). Finally, several chapters treat the impact on Syria of international sanctions and the "Responsibility to Protect" doctrine (R2P). This book is a follow on to volume one, The Syrian Uprising: domestic origins and early trajectory, eds, Raymond Hinnebusch and Omar Imady (2018). Subsequent volumes will examine the later evolution of the conflict.