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Männer und Frauen nehmen in unserer Gesellschaft unterschiedliche Positionen in der Verteilung der Arbeitsplätze ein. Dies ist nicht nur ein statistisch relevanter Sachverhalt, sondern auch ein Abbild der gesellschaftlichen Ungleichheit der Geschlechterrollen. Davon ausgehend formuliert der Autor den politischen Aspekt seines Aufsatzes. Er schließt daran die Frage, ob in den Niederlanden eine Veränderung in Richtung auf eine Gleichverteilung der Arbeitspositionen zwischen den Geschlechtern im Gange ist. Abschließend werden die Instrumente diskutiert, die für eine Durchsetzung von mehr Gleichheit in Frage kommen. (IAB2)

This paper reports the results of a New Zealand study of one aspect of household economics: the relationship between fertility behaviour and labour supply. Empirical research has shown that the presence of young children affects labour supply of the mother. New Zealand examples are Hyman (1979) and Harris and Raney (1991). However, Hockey and Khawaja (1984) found that a woman's labour force participation negatively affects fertility. In this paper we argue that fertility and labour force participation decisions are determined jointly rather than that there is a one-way causal relationship. We test this hypothesis by means of a simple regression model of fertility and female labour force participation using grouped data from 22 Local Government Regions (LGRs), pooled for the years 1976, 1981 and 1986. The next section discusses some of the theoretical issues. This is followed by a description of the data and a discussion of regression equations. After summing up the results, the last section provides some suggestions for further research.

Both the Netherlands and other European countries are involved in the transition from a breadwinner society towards a more individual-oriented society. What is unique in the Dutch case is the strong emphasis on the equal sharing of time, between paid and unpaid work as well as between women and men. Despite the preferences among citizens for a more equal sharing of paid and unpaid work, in practice it appears that general participation in paid labour is being achieved more rapidly than general participation in unpaid labour. The article looks at the obstacles and sticking points which stand in the way of the process of redistribution and investigates how this process can be accelerated. It includes an empirical analysis on survey data for the Netherlands with respect to both actual and preferred working hours for married and co-habitating men and women. The authors conclude that a consistent government policy is lacking. As a consequence neither individuals nor organizations get signals that might contribute to those steps in the area of part-time work, child-care provision and leave facilities that would bring about a redistribution of paid and unpaid work between women and men.

This volume studies Female Labour Market Behaviour and Fertility. Contributions are from experts in the field of demography, econometrics, economics, (social) psychology, and sociology. The rational-choice frameworkhas been used as an engine to integrate these contributions

Firm's time greediness and the division of labour in the household . Although the body of literature documenting the division of labour between partners is large and continuously expanding, little is known about how demands and expectations from the workplace affect the division
of labour between partners and how spouses use strategies to manage, or 'govern', the conflicting demands of work and family. Using data on 242 Dutch female employees, their partners and their employers, the results from multilevel analysis show that the more demanding the woman's
job is, the larger her share in paid work and the smaller her share in household work are. These effects are moderated by both workplace governance practices and household governance practices. effects are moderated by both workplace governance practices and household governance practices.