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Due to economic and political turbulencies in Indonesia people are becoming less aware in paying attention to their environment. Younger group might has a better awareness to the environment than the adults ones. This study aims to explore the behavior of younger people's awareness in Semarang City towards the environment.Four hundred and ten students and key-persons such as selected teachers and lecturers, headmasters, and other competent persons had have been interviewed. Descriptive statistics was employed to explain the behavior of respondents in environmental awareness.The study found that respondents in higher school have relatively better attitudes to their environments than respondents in university. It is suggested that we need to reform curriculum and teaching-and-learning processes in conducting formal education with sufficient color of environment. The role of parents and guardians are urgently important to attain the expected environment-awareness.

The level of corruption in ASEAN countries, especially ASEAN 5, namely Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, and the Philippines, although gradually declining but still in the high category. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the level of corruption in ASEAN-5 countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, and the Philippines). The level of corruption is proxied using the Corruption Perception Index (CPI), while the independent variable is internet users, and gender is proxied by female labor force participation and male labor force participation. The results show that the increasing number of internet users will reduce the level of corruption as indicated by the increased CPI value. As for gender, increasing female labor force participation will reduce the level of corruption, but the opposite result is shown by the participation of the male labor force. The policy implication of this study is the need to expand the use of the internet and provide wider opportunities for women to work, especially in public offices, to reduce the level of corruption

This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the innovation capacity of the rural economic institution and its impact on institutional performance.Research was conducted by interviewing 111 managers of rural economic institutions in Semarang regency, Indonesia. Factors of policy and regulation, development of innovation infrastructure, assistance and integration of knowledge were used to analyze the role of the Government and Higher Education in the village innovation system. The institutional management and innovation culture capacity factors were used to analyze the role of rural economic institutions. Policy and regulatory factors, innovation infrastructure, management capacity, assistance capacity, innovation culture and knowledge integration were measured based on the preference of the rural economic institution manager. The qualitative model was examined through an empirical analysis to fulfill the proposed aim of the research.The results of the study showed that: the influential factors on the innovation capacity in rural areas were policy and regulation support, innovation infrastructure, management capacity, innovation culture and knowledge management. Innovation Capacity had a positive impact on institutional performance.The implication of this study highlighted the importance of strengthening institutional and knowledge-based rural economic organizations which was integrated among stakeholders as actors in the rural innovation system.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the causality between economic variables, i.e. economic growth, economic openness, and energy consumption to carbon dioxide emissions, and analyze short-run and long-run connections between research variables in Indonesia during the period 1971 to 2018. This research is using VECM analysis and Granger Causality. The results of the VECM analysis in this research show that in the short-run the variable carbon dioxide emissions in the previous period, economic openness, and energy consumption have a significant effect on carbon dioxide emissions in Indonesia, and in the long run, the variables of economic growth, economic openness, and energy consumption have a significant effect on carbon dioxide emissions in Indonesia. The Granger Causality analysis found a bidirectional causality between energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. It also found unidirectional causality between economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions. The recommendations that can be shared are that The Government of Indonesia should be more worried about the degradation in environmental quality in Indonesia as a result of economic development. On the other hand, in achieving sustainable economic development, the Indonesian Government must immediately use energy resources more efficiently and environmentally friendly

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of several macroeconomic variables consisting of gross domestic products (GDP) per capita, economic openness, government effectiveness index, inflation, and the level of education on the corruption index in G20 member countries. This study focused on the effect of education on the level of corruption in the G20 member countries by treating other macroeconomic variables as control variables that were not analyzed in depth. This research used mixed methods with multiple regression with two stage least square (2SLS) estimation method followed by phenomenological analysis. This study found that primary education enrolment and the lifelong learning index did not significantly influence the level of corruption for all G20 member countries, developed member countries, and developing member countries. Secondary education enrolment showed a negative and significant influence on the level of corruption in all categories of countries (all members, developing, and developed countries). Tertiary education enrolment had a negative and significant influence on the level of corruption in all members and developing countries, but had a positive influence in the developed countries. GDP per capita had a contrasting influence: negative and significant influence in the developed countries, but positive and significant influence in the developing countries. Similar to secondary education, the government effectiveness index had a negative and significant influence in all categories of countries (all members, developing, and developed countries). In contrast, inflation and economic openness had a positive and significant influence on the level of corruption, but only in developing countries. The policy implication of this study is the prioritization of secondary education to tackle corruption problems.

The present work aimed to identify and analyse stakeholders' role in improving food safety and halalness in Semarang City. The effectiveness of food safety control can be ensured by one actor, and requires various related actors' role. The present work used a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches (mixed method). The data were collected using a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) held with relevant stakeholders, including Semarang City Health Office, Semarang City Trade Office, Semarang Food and Drug Administration Center, business association, academics, entrepreneurs, Consumer Development and Protection Institute, and consumers. In regard to priority aspect, it was found that emphasis must be given to three main aspects by stakeholders, namely economic, socio-cultural, and institutional, which could be used to ensure food safety and halalness for the people. Moreover, based on the stakeholder analysis results, the actors with significant influence and high dependency were entrepreneurs, Semarang City Health Office, Semarang Food and Drug Administration Center, Agency for Drug and Food Control, and academics. Meanwhile, the actors with firm convergence were Semarang City Health Office, Semarang Food and Drug Administration Center, and business associations since they share a commitment to building food safety. Furthermore, based on the FGD results, some improvements are required regarding food control that the food safety network has carried out, along with establishing food safety and halal regulation.

Excess capacity and overfishing are problems in the open-access, common-pool fisheries of the Java Sea. Data development analysis is used to estimate excess fishing capacity and the number of vessels to decommission in three Java Sea fisheries of Indonesia, the purse seine, mini purse seine, and longline. First- and second-best policy measures are discussed to reduce the excess capacity and give sustainable management and development. The importance of incentive design, asymmetric information, and the regulator's principal–agent problem are emphasized in license limitation programs.

The relationship between productive efficiency and sustainable development of fishing industries in developing countries has received little attention. Ill-structured property rights in common-pool resources lead to a contradiction between private and social technical efficiency, with private and social costs dependent on the level of technical efficiency. Development policies that increase private efficiency can increase the social cost with ill-structured property rights and common-pool resources, and thereby increase social inefficiency. This paper examines this relationship through a case study of the mini purse seine fishery of the Java Sea, and finds that private technical efficiency does not depend on any measurable attributes of human capital, diverges substantially between the peak and off seasons, and differs between vessels more within the off season.