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This study analyses in detail the dynamics of the development of different types of worldviews (religious and particularly non-religious) in Slovakia. It is based on the results of four censuses along with the European Values Study (EVS) conducted in Slovakia in 1991, 1999, 2008, and 2017. The basic analytical tool is the typological method based on data from the EVS. The results show that in Slovakia, among the large number of possible theoretical types of worldviews, only five are empirically present in an analysable quantity, two of which concern people without religious affiliation. The results show that in this latter group, which has remained around 25% over the long term in Slovakia, the majority are rather indifferent to religion and only about one-fifth of them (4.5% of the total population in 2017) are people who can be considered atheists.

After the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia came to power in 1948, power struggles followed between political parties and long-running internal struggles within the country's Roman Catholic Church over the church's character and organizational structure. These struggles related not only to purely theological issues, but also to the ideals of communism (and, later, socialism), the Communist Party and its program. The internal plurality within the church throughout the whole period of the people's democracy and state socialism in Czechoslovakia calls into question the dualistic image of struggles between the church and the Communist Party, and it complicates the image of the church as a victim of the Communist regime. In particular, the crucial periods from 1948 to 1952 and from 1968 to 1969 suggest that, throughout much of the communist period there persisted tensions between the higher and lower clergy and there were diverging views on how the church should function; these tensions took on a diversity of shapes and varied in intensity.

On rencontre dans les pays slaves plusieurs mouvements qui s'efforcent de ressusciter les traditions et les croyances de l'époque préchrétienne. Cette « renaissance païenne » pose le problème de l'identification des frontières du religieux ou du spirituel. Plus qu'une approche tournée vers le passé, ces mouvements illustrent également des formes de transgression des frontières sociales du sens commun. Afin de distinguer les formes que prend la foi individuelle, nous suggérons d'abord de nous inspirer de l'approche phénoménologique d'Alfred Schütz pour examiner un cas, celui de la figure de Žiarislav et de ses fidèles de la communauté le Cercle natal. Nous distinguerons la foi ordinaire, enracinée dans un sens commun de l'intersubjectivité collective, de la foi héroïque, nourrie du romantisme d'un monde imaginaire et fantastique.

Religiosity represents a key temporal and spatial-based social phenomenon with great internal variability. In this paper, we focus on a selection of the most important indicators of this factor in Slovakian society. With the aid of temporal statistical data with some structural differences (such as age) in current society, we attempt to concentrate on the dynamics and great spatial diversification of denominational division in Slovakia. The Church and state relationship is another politically important factor which influences this social phenomenon. The variability of relationships within the social and political context and its transformations was a significant determinant influencing the religiosity and development of religious life. Moreover, even in today's mostly secularizing society, this relationship maintains its importance for the society. In the analysis of societal religiosity, we have to focus on the internal aspects of faith, measured by representative surveys that portray varieties of internal aspects of faith and their divergence from the censual measurement of denominational affiliation.