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UID/CPO/04627/2013 IF/00477/2012 ; The essay analyzes the historical process of independence of Mozambique, especially thepolitical behavior of the white population during the phase of decolonization (1974/1975). We will analyze the different forms of decolonization and the different positions of various political factions and groups with in the white community, as well as the positions taken by the Portuguese State, as a colonial power, and by Frelimo, as the main nationalist movement. Our goal is to understand the evolution of the independence process from the inside of colonial society and, at the same time, understand the reasons of the rebellion of September 7, 1974, of the exclusion of the white population from politics and of its flight abroad in August 1974. ; publishersversion ; published