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The article attempts to provide a theoretical discussion on territorial governance by presenting both the neo-institutionalist position and the De Sousa Santos' alternative models, with a view of highlighting the dimensions that can be relevant to understanding the territorial dynamics of Local Agro-food Systems (LAFS). The paper aims to build up a system of indicators, structured in four dimensions, concerning the territorial governance of LAFS: (i) multi-level coordination; (ii) democratic participation and accountability; (iii) cooperation among producers and other stakeholders and (iv) relationships with the environment. We verify, as a hypothesis, that the typology of markets to which the identity-based products are directed plays a decisive role in the way that processes of territorial governance of LAFS are constructed. The results of an empirical research, developed in four LAFS in Mexico, are presented: prickly pear cactus in Morelos, blackberry in Michoacán, cuitlacoche (corn smut) in Tlaxcala and coffee in Veracruz. Two types of territorial governance of LAFS may be distinguished: those that can be strengthened by the geographical and organisational proximity of the markets and the action of local stakeholders and governments—prickly pear cactus and cuitlacoche—versus those which are devoted to export and are conducted by large companies in which marketing networks involve certification mechanisms and a large number of institutions—coffee and blackberry. ; This is a product of the CONACYT Project 280604 and UNAM-PAPIIT Project IN303117. The project from the Spanish National Plan, EXTERSIAL II AGL2012-36537, has also contributed to the elaboration of the article. An initial and distant version of the article was published under the title: "Gobernanza de los Sistemas Agroalimentarios Localizados

The article attempts to provide a theoretical discussion on territorial governance by presenting both the neo-institutionalist position and the De Sousa Santos' alternative models, with a view of highlighting the dimensions that can be relevant to understanding the territorial dynamics of Local Agro-food Systems (LAFS). The paper aims to build up a system of indicators, structured in four dimensions, concerning the territorial governance of LAFS: (i) multi-level coordination; (ii) democratic participation and accountability; (iii) cooperation among producers and other stakeholders and (iv) relationships with the environment. We verify, as a hypothesis, that the typology of markets to which the identity-based products are directed plays a decisive role in the way that processes of territorial governance of LAFS are constructed. The results of an empirical research, developed in four LAFS in Mexico, are presented: prickly pear cactus in Morelos, blackberry in Michoacán, cuitlacoche (corn smut) in Tlaxcala and coffee in Veracruz. Two types of territorial governance of LAFS may be distinguished: those that can be strengthened by the geographical and organisational proximity of the markets and the action of local stakeholders and governments—prickly pear cactus and cuitlacoche—versus those which are devoted to export and are conducted by large companies in which marketing networks involve certification mechanisms and a large number of institutions—coffee and blackberry. This is a product of the CONACYT Project 280604 and UNAM-PAPIIT Project IN303117. The project from the Spanish National Plan, EXTERSIAL II AGL2012-36537, has also contributed to the elaboration of the article.

<p>Análisis de las relaciones entre la cultura política y la pobreza urbana. Se enfatiza el papel del acceso a los servicios básicos en las opiniones políticas y las formas de gestión social y se exploran las tendencias de la poli¬ tica social y sus relaciones con el poder presidencial visto como un obstáculo para una cultura política democrática</p>

Este trabajo considera a los hogares extensos y aquellos dirigidos por jefas, a partir de un análisis comparativo con respecto al total de hogares considerados en dos estudios empíricos. Uno que realizamos en 1992 denominado "Encuesta sobre consumo de leche y de tortilla a través de programas sociales" (IIEC-CIICH 92). Y otro en 1993 "Encuesta niveles de bienestar social, vivienda y programas sociales de abasto" (CIICH 93), en la ciudad de México y su zona metropolitana. El primero de los estudios se llevó a cabo en Los Pedregales zona popular situada al sur de la ciudad, el segundo comprende 19 vecindades reconstruidas en el centro y una zona habitacional del municipio conurbado de Ecatepec, conocida como Los Polígonos.

Examines the concentration of presidential power resulting from social welfare programs aimed at ameliorating adverse effects of structural adjustment policies on poor families; Mexico.

During the last few years, social welfare politics in Mexico has found itself in the middle of a debate concerning its objectives & legitimacy. The current Mexican system considers obligations to health, education, & regional development as constituent parts of its social welfare program. The National Program of Solidarity (Pronasol), mandated by President Carlos Salinas, attempted to utilize the tradition of social organization among the poor, who historically have sought to satisfy their needs through communal effort, for the purpose of cutting labor costs, running the programs more efficiently, & unclogging bureaucracy. Members of leftist & Maoist groups with experience in political work with the masses were utilized. The legitimacy of Pronasol has been questioned & it has been accused of simply being a mechanism for getting the vote out for the Partido Revolucionario Institucional & strengthening the presidential image. It is argued that the recent events in Chiapas along with increasing demands for a better quality of life among both rural & urban populations give credence to this criticism. 2 Tables, 8 References. V. Rios, Jr.

En el marco de la gobernanza, este artículo explora un ámbito poco estudiado en las ciencias sociales en México: las relaciones de coordinación entre instituciones, desarrollo y territorio. Se realizauna revisión crítica de la literatura sobre el tema y se da una aproximación al concepto de gobernanza desde una perspectiva neoinstitucional, remitiéndola a sus bases teóricas. Se pretende establecer un marco conceptual para la implementación de políticas en AméricaLatina. Se concluye que el debate sobre la gobernanza territorial es reciente en las ciencias sociales en México, pero que presenta rasgos promisorios para las investigaciones sobre el desarrollo local.