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The signif of the term `intellectual' is marked by the circumstances of its origin at the time of the Dreyfus affair. The definitions are varied: the intellectual can be defined by the profession to which he belongs (a member of the U's, of the medical or legal professions, a higher administrator, engineer, artist, etc); the notion of culture can also be used to characterize the intellectual (it is certain that among the intellectuals there are those who create & distribute culture); most frequently, the intellectual is defined in moral terms by the role which he attributes to himself (he is then a creator of values). However, we cannot assume that the intellectuals form a homogeneous group: important diff's exist among them (in income, in time, in space, etc). Tr by J. A. Broussard from IPSA.