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Abstract
This study presents a sociological analysis of the Holy Books of two world religions (the Bible and the Quran) since, according to prognoses and risk analyses, a political, economic, cultural, and religious confrontation between the world religions will be unavoidable. Special economic and political aspects also contribute to the up-to-datedness of the topic in the democratic world; in fact: the economic crisis at the beginning of the 21st century, the difficulties of managing the crisis with traditional micro- and macroeconomic tools as well as the Europe-wide issue of migration processes. These challenges have directed our attention to alternative economic solutions and policy options, including theories on ethical basis. Modern academic discourse has recently started to direct research at leadership skills as acknowledged forms of talent. The priority of moral talent is never disputed in the Bible and the Quran, more so by certain leaders holding political or economic positions.

DC-SIGN is a C-type lectin receptor on antigen presenting cells (dendritic cells) which has an important role in some viral infection, notably by HIV and Dengue virus (DV). Multivalent presentation of carbohydrates on dendrimeric scaffolds has been shown to inhibit DC-SIGN binding to HIV envelope glycoprotein gp120, thus blocking viral entry. This approach has interesting potential applications for infection prophylaxis. In an effort to develop high affinity inhibitors of DC-SIGN mediated viral entry, we have synthesized a group of glycodendrimers of different valency that bear different carbohydrates or glycomimetic DC-SIGN ligands and have studied their DC-SIGN binding activity and antiviral properties both in an HIV and a Dengue infection model. Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) competition studies have demonstrated that the materials obtained bind efficiently to DC-SIGN with IC50s in the μm range, which depend on the nature of the ligand and on the valency of the scaffold. In particular, a hexavalent presentation of the DC-SIGN selective antagonist 4 displayed high potency, as well as improved accessibility and chemical stability relative to previously reported dendrimers. At low μm concentration the material was shown to block both DC-SIGN mediated uptake of DV by Raji cells and HIV trans-infection of T cells. ; European Union ITN Marie-Curie 213592