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Formal education is the education which is developed at certain school or place systematically which has certain time sequence from Elementary to University level. Whereas the aspect of education life is one of the aspects in society that always develop and change to be more advance as the increasing of politic consciousness in society.This article concerns with the role of formal education to the aspects of politic life where the education is implemented based on the existing politic system by virtue of Pancasila (the five basic principles of the Republic of Indonesia) and UUD 1945, it means that politic determines the education policy. On the contrary, the existing politic system is determined by the education title owned by society where the higher education level of society will impact the consciousness to help forward the aspect of politic life in society. It is because formal education is one of media to socialize politic and great strategy to transfer the wide knowledge to the elite politic by giving training and also other facilities to build politic consciousness. It is the right moment to commit integration especially in terms of national politic consciousness.

Social classification is always happenned in the society calledby social stratification and determine someone's social class. There is a strict or curt, then to determine someone's social class depends on the parents or the child's birth. And it happened in India where the society consists of levels or castes or in the kingdom state, for example if wants to be a king, he must be the king's child. While in the opensociety such as a state that adheres to a democracy system, to determine someone's social class with any ways, means that there is always a change for someone's social class in a society, namely the bottom, to the middle or up or reverse by using an objective method, subjective and reputation. Then in this open society, the education role is very influential toward the social class change in the society. That is why the education is hoped to bring the society to a change, even their incomeresult or their position in the society, which is certainly give the cognitive and psychomotoric ability or education is able to produce an inteligent human beings also expert in his field. In other words, education is hoped to create humans development that is finally able to make a change in the society, even social class change or a change from the traditional society to the modern one.Key words: social class, stratifications, education, social change

Biaya pendidikan merupakan .Metode penelitian yang dipergunakan adalah metode kepustakaan (library research) dengan menggali berbagai penelitian yang relevan baik dari buku-buku maupun jurnal-jurnal.Hasil penelitian ini adalah kebjikan pendidikan di Indonesia dari masa kemasa terus mengalami perubahan jika dimasa orde ditekankan suatu kebijakan pendidikan yang merujuk kepada isu nasionalisasi dan ideologisasi.Filosofi pendidikan diwajibkan berdasarkan Pancasila dan Manipol (Manipesto politik) UUD1945 yang materinya berorientasi pada sosialisme dalam perspektif Indonesia, kemudian pada orde baru kebijakan sentralistik, pada masa reformasi bersifat reformatif dan revolusioner

The study aims at describing urban communities and rural communities. A village community is a society whose inhabitants enjoy a major source of livelihood in the agriculture, fishing, livestock sector, or a combination thereof, and whose cultural and social systems support these livelihoods. The characteristics of village communities include the general life order of the group based on kinship. Meanwhile, the urban community is an association of people who live in the center of economic activity, government, arts, science and so on. Urban people seek their livelihoods on average using sophisticated technology, such as using machine power, computers and others.

In the world of work or the world of education, even government or public agencies have used sophisticated electronic devices, especially computers. computers are widely used to help human work in completing their work to make it easier and more efficient. Because with our computers can be made easier in making information that is more understood by many people. Besides computers, software (software) is also very necessary in processing a data to make it easier for someone to process their data into more useful data. Environmental and Hygiene Office East Lombok District Selong District is one of the offices that receives fuel subsidies from the central government. Therefore, the prediction using the Decition Tree algorithm (C4.5) in calculating the amount of BBM usage needs to be done in order to optimize the use of BBM as well as possible. Because many officers or individuals are not responsible for cases due to misuse of subsidized fuel. With this prediction, usage can be adjusted optimally and excessive use can be overcome.DOI : 10.29408/jit.v1i1.895

Cover -- Half Title -- Series Information -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgment -- Acronyms -- Glossary -- Transliteration -- 1 Introduction -- The Postcolonial State -- Local Muslim Initiatives -- Method: Africa as Conceptual Model -- Sources -- Organization of the Book -- Notes -- References -- 2 Islam and the Limits of Centralization in Late Precolonial Buganda -- Buganda Before the Late Precolonial Era -- Islam, Power, and Authority in Late Precolonial Buganda -- Notes -- References -- 3 Exclusion By Inclusion: The Ugandan State and the Muslim Subject -- The Colonial Era -- Exclusion By Inclusion and the Making of a Muslim Domain -- Muslim Education and the Limits of the Colonial State -- Notes -- References -- 4 The Madrasa as a Site of the War On Terror -- Underlying Assumptions of War On Terror Discourses -- Rwakafuzi's Thesis: "The Muslims Are Being Profiled" -- Legitimizing State Intervention in the Production of Islamic Truth -- The US State Department and Its Consultants -- Notes -- References -- 5 The Diminishing Muslim Domain: America's Prescriptions for Islamic Education Reform -- Notes -- References -- 6 Question Formulators and Data Collectors: The Production of Knowledge About the Madrasa -- Muslim Response -- Muslim Resistance -- Notes -- References -- 7 Salafism: The Boogeyman of the War On Terror -- What Is Salafism? -- Salafism in Uganda -- Religious Innovations -- The Spread of Salafism -- Tracking the Graduates -- Darasa -- Schools -- Violence: the Struggle for Mosques and the Making of a Rebel Group -- The 1991 Incident -- Another Path: Formation of a Muslim Political Party -- Notes -- References -- 8 Africa as Conceptual Model: Ugandan Thought and Contemporary Islamic Reform -- Who Is Kisuule? -- Kisuule's Formulation of the Problem of Islamic Knowledge.

Intro -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- Abbreviations -- List of Maps -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- Consolidating the Center -- Governance Failures and Alternate Centers of Authority -- What Can the State Achieve? -- Redefining Sovereignty from the Periphery -- Back to the Future? -- Chapter 2: Smuggling and State Formation: A Match Made in Algeria -- Introduction -- Why Smuggling Is Economically Attractive -- The Smugglers' Rationale -- Sharing Sovereignty -- Conclusion -- Chapter 3: Cronies and Contraband: Why Integrating Tunisia's Informal Economic Elite Has Become Necessary -- Introduction -- The Emergence of Two Economic Elites -- The Post-2011 Economy and the Failure to Integrate Peripheral Elites -- The Costs of Failing to Integrate the Elites of the Informal Economy -- Conclusion -- Chapter 4: North Pacific: Why Lebanon's Akkar Region Weathered the Syrian Conflict -- Introduction -- A Tale of Two Countries -- Akkar's Impact on Beirut -- Conclusion -- Chapter 5: Transnationalization of a Borderland: Center, Periphery, and Identity in Western Iraq -- Introduction -- The Transformation of Center-Border Relations -- State Atrophy and the Rise of Transnational Jihadism -- The PKK and the Transnationalization of Iraq's Northwestern Border -- Iran-Backed Paramilitaries: The Periphery's Encroachment on the Center -- Conclusion: What Next? -- Chapter 6: How Syria's War Extended Border Policies to Much of the Country -- Introduction -- Center-Periphery Relations Before 2011 -- The Borderlands Post-conflict: Accentuating the Security-Based Approach to Governance -- Employing Borderland Tactics in Non-borderland Peripheries -- How the Regime Manages Loyal and Ambivalent Peripheral Areas -- How the Regime Treats Rebellious Peripheral Areas -- Conclusion.

"This book investigates American intervention in Islamic education in Uganda during the era of the war on terror. During this period, Muslim education moved from relative autonomy to direct state control and civil society scrutiny. During the colonial period, Muslims in Uganda were treated as lesser citizens within the Christian-dominated civil sphere. A local system of Islamic education developed with a degree of autonomy that reflected the limits of the colonial state in shaping the Muslim subject. In the subsequent postcolonial period, systems of patronage and clientalistic networks dominated, and Muslim leaders were co-opted by the state, but without much real interference in the day to day lives of Ugandan Muslims. However, during the war on terror, the US State Department sought to bring the mechanisms of Islamic truth production, especially the madrasa, under direct state control. This book argues that the separation of the Muslim domain has now come to an end as it is absorbed into civil society, unifying the state's domination of society in the postcolonial era. However, the book also analyses local Ugandan Muslim initiatives to modernise and contextualise their own education and religion and how these initiatives are shaped by and transcend the dominant power. A thorough exploration of US foreign policy and Islamic education, this book will be of interest to students and scholars in the fields of Political Studies, African Studies and Religious Studies"--

Main description: In diesem Buch wird die Politik und Poetik der Kulturen in den literarischen Werken dreier renommierter Autorinnen der 1960er Jahre untersucht: »Der geteilte Himmel« von Christa Wolf (DDR), »Savushun, Drama der Trauer« von Simin Daneshvar (Iran) und »La plaça del Diamant« von Mercè Rodoreda (Spanien).