Financing investment and innovation activities of industrial enterprises in the context of the national economy transition to the sustainable development model
In: Ekonomičnyj visnyk universytetu: zbirnyk naukovych pracʹ učenych ta aspirantiv = Ėkonomičeskij vestnik universiteta : sbornik naučnych trudov učenych i aspirantov = University economic bulletin : collection of scientific articles of scientists and post-graduate students, Issue 45, p. 184-195
ISSN: 2414-3774
Relevance of tresearch topic. In the context of the transition of the national economy to the model of sustainable development, investment and innovation activities should be aimed at solving these problems. Investment and innovation should not only lead to economic growth, but also to sustainability. Therefore, the study of the problems of developing organizational and economic mechanisms to activate the financing of investment and innovation activity of industrial enterprises in the context of transition of the national economy to the model of sustainable development is relevant and significant. Formulation of the problem. The models and methods of stimulating the investment and innovation activity of industrial enterprises in the conditions of the so-called "systemic crisis", which is manifested not only in the system of economic indicators, but also in other elements of the functioning of the state, do not yet have adequate justification. It is necessary to develop scientific and practical recommendations on directions of stimulating financing of investment and innovative activity of industrial enterprises in the conditions of transition of national economy to the model of sustainable development. Analysis of recent research and publications. Some problems of formation and realization of organizational and economic mechanisms of activation of investment and innovative activity of industrial enterprises, as well as the transition of the national economy to the model of sustainable development are covered in scientific works. Some provisions of this problem are covered in scientific papers on structural modernization of the economy, support for economic growth, innovative society, technological modernization of the economy, etc. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. In the current context, it is necessary to carry out additional research on perspective mechanisms for financing investment and innovation activities in the context of the transition of the national economy to the sustainable development model. Setting the task, the purpose of the study. The purpose of the study is to develop scientifically sound recommendations for intensifying the financing of investment and innovation activities of industrial enterprises in the context of the transition of the national economy to the model of sustainable development. Method or methodology for conducting research. Methodological basis of the study were general scientific and special methods of knowledge of economic phenomena and processes. In formulating concepts and categories, the method of abstraction was used; methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction; methods of retrospective analysis; logic-analytical method; statistical methods; method of system analysis; economic-statistical and forecast-analytical methods. Presentation of the main material (results of work). The organization of the national economy on the principles of sustainable development implies profound structural changes in management, implementation of innovative approaches in all spheres of economic, social and political life of society. For Ukraine the pressing issue of transition of the national economy to the model of sustainable development is to increase the efficiency of formation and implementation of the state investment and innovation policy. In Ukraine, the level of investment does not ensure the expanded reproduction of fixed assets. Innovation activity in the Ukrainian industry remains traditionally low. In Ukraine, the aging of fixed assets is constantly observed, now the level of deterioration of fixed assets on the average in the economy exceeds 50%. In today's economy, a key element in securing investment through the use of attracted sources is the financial market system. Creation of new and modernization of existing fixed assets is the main direction of investment activity of industrial enterprises. Therefore, the efficiency of the entire investment process is determined not only by the volume and structure of both the sources and the directions of investments, but also by their economic return, which is manifested only as a result of the use of the resulting investment projects. During the crisis in Ukraine, there was a radical change in the structure of the economy in favor of the low-tech and raw material industries, which still remains. In the world markets, Ukraine is represented mainly by raw materials and semi-finished products. The implementation of the sustainable development model is possible on the basis of effective implementation of the state policy of stimulating the financing of investment and innovation activity of industrial enterprises. The use of financial instruments to stimulate investment and innovation activities should provide assistance in solving macroeconomic problems: growth of gross domestic product; improving the competitiveness of the economy; supporting the development of high-tech industries; further formation of institutions of the national innovation system; promotion of high-tech exports; introduction of resource-saving technologies. The directions of further improvement of the state policy aimed at the development of mechanisms for financing the investment and innovation activity of industrial enterprises (including in terms of modernization of the financial system and financial markets) are proposed. It is advisable to take measures to optimize the fiscal (fiscal) policy, which in the conditions of post-crisis development will act as the main stimulator of investment and innovation activity of industrial enterprises. A list of appropriate measures is provided. In the context of the implementation of the strategy of transition of the national economy to the model of sustainable development, the state investment and innovation should provide an orientation to stimulate the so-called "social investment". Key directions of social investment realization: creation of social climate in the country, region; formation of balanced social infrastructure of the country, region, enterprise; support for public health and the level of environmental safety; raising the level of education of the population; promoting the spiritual development of the nation; forming a system of mentoring at the enterprise and ensuring the change of professional generations; development and effective functioning of the labor market. It is advisable to modernize the mechanism of public-private partnership organization. It is necessary to adapt to the best international experience of national IPR instruments. All government programs implemented within the framework of state investment and innovation activities should be cost-effective, and therefore their results should be subject to economic analysis. The field of application of results. The results obtained can be used in the process of formation and implementation of the state investment and innovation policy, as well as in the process of implementation of the strategy for support of sustainable development. Conclusions according to the article. For Ukraine the pressing issue of transition of the national economy to the model of sustainable development is to increase the efficiency of formation and implementation of the state policy of stimulating the financing of investment and innovation activities. This is especially relevant for the industrial sector, as the fixed assets of the industry have a high level of wear. Unfortunately, in Ukraine the efficiency of the implementation of the state investment and innovation policy is insufficient. It is possible to solve the problem of increasing the efficiency of formation and implementation of state support mechanisms for financing the investment and innovation activity of industrial enterprises by improving the appropriate organizational, economic and financial instruments. This task can be solved, in particular, by increasing the efficiency of the formation and implementation of relevant state target programs. The directions of improvement of the state policy aimed at development of mechanisms of financing of investment and innovative activity of industrial enterprises are highlighted, in particular: solving of strategic tasks of development of banking sector and strengthening of its orientation on long-term crediting of industrial enterprises; realization of investment and innovation requests of the national economy; - creation of the State Development Bank (State Investment Bank); support for further development of the stock market and its infrastructure; bringing investment legislation to international standards; expanding the range of financial instruments available to investors. The list of measures to optimize the fiscal policy, which in the conditions of post-crisis development will be the main stimulator of investment and innovation activity of industrial enterprises, is presented. All government programs implemented within the framework of state investment and innovation activities should be cost effective. In the context of the implementation of the strategy of transition of the national economy to the model of sustainable development, it is advisable to take measures to expand the so-called "social investment".