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In this article the author discusses constitutional amendments that took place in Malta in the year 2020 through Act No. XLIII of 2020, on a factual and legal basis. The author goes on to create a comparative analysis of the new amendments with the old legislation and seeks to identify key changes which maybe advantages over their predecessors, while also pre-empting any difficulties that may arise in the future, whether it be in the short-term or the long-term. ; peer-reviewed

PH.D.LAW ; This work covers judicial review, the power of the courts to pen any government action within the four corners of the law. It examines the development of judicial review in England in common law, its application since the late nineteenth century of this law within the Maltese legal system, and the development by the Maltese courts of the doctrine of ultra vires; the work analyses the evolution of ultra vires from a simple examination of competence and form, to a more intrusive examination of the exercise of any discretion by a public authority; including the application of novel notions of judicial review such as legitimate expectations, the extension of the reasonableness test; as well as the extension of the rules of natural justice to cover administrative acts and not only judicial or quasi-judicial ones. The work also covers the attempts made by the Executive to limit and circumscribe judicial review particularly through Act No. VIII of 1981 and the valiant attempts made by the judiciary to thwart such exclusion of scrutiny. This thesis also examines the different norms applicable to different forms of judicial review, whether of administrative acts under article 469A of the Code of Organization of Civil Procedure, judicial review of delegated legislation under the constitutional provision of the actio popularis, and the scrutiny of decisions and actions of Administrative tribunals. Proposals are set forth for reform in this area to group all judicial review under one title. ; N/A

El texto es la transcripción de un discurso del Tonio Borg, Doctor en Derecho, en el encuentro del Intergroup on the Welfare and Conservation of Animals (http://www.animalwelfareintergroup.eu/), que tuvo lugar en el Parlamento europeo el 18 de septiembre de 2013. En el texto, el autor destaca una lista de metas y propuestas en relación a aumentar el Bienestar Animal en la UE. El ponente destaca la necesidad de reforzar la educación, la aplicación y la reorientación del foco de atención del Bienestar Animal, para lograr un acercamiento más completo, "holístico", al mismo. Dicho acercamiento precisa ser proactivo y preventivo a la vez, más que meramente reactivo, como hasta ahora lo ha sido. El autor acentúa que este nuevo acercamiento, favorecerá el Bienestar Animal, al mismo tiempo que aumentará la competitividad de Europa en el sector agrícola y ayudará a promover la cohesión entre los países miembros de la Unión. ; This text is a transcription of presentation made by Dr. iur. Tonio Borg at the meeting of the Intergroup on the Welfare and Conservation of Animals (http://www.animalwelfareintergroup.eu/) to the European Parliament on September 18, 2013. In the text, the author outlines a list of challenges and proposals in relation to improving animal welfare in the EU. The speaker highlights the need to improve education, enforcement and a reorientation of focus in order to achieve 'a more holistic' approach to animal welfare. The approach is intended to be proactive and preventive rather than a more reactive approach which has frequently been in force. The author stresses that this new approach would favor animal welfare while improving Europe's competitiveness in agricultural markets, and help foster cohesiveness within the Union

The changing socio-political realities in the Mediterranean that have resulted from the Jasmine Revolution have signalled the beginning of a new era, not only in the Arab countries involved in the uprisings but also the wider Euro-Mediterranean region. The grass-root revolutions particularly in neighbouring Tunisia, Egypt and Libya are producing a fundamental shift from the traditional geopolitical setting to a newly emerging political landscape. The Arab Spring has necessitated a change in the policy outlook undertaken by the European Union and its member states, and in this context, Malta has been at the forefront to advocate a more comprehensive approach to the countries of the Southern Mediterranean, whilst taking into account the respective sensitivities of the countries concerned. ; peer-reviewed