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From an express option in favour of the human, the article is structured as a response to the following research question: Could we identify a common ethical denominator that could serve as a proposal for a Digital Humanism: for a situation in which humanity, freeing itself from avoidable suffering, manages to deploy its potential to achieve sustainable economic development and technical and political progress capable of giving rise to human flourishing? All of this, within the framework of the Cyber Society and placing the person and his or her dignity at the centre of the whole process related to the Artificial Intelligence of the present and the future. On the basis of the Philosophy of Technology, and after taking into account the conditions of technical possibility of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, in an attempt to avoid the possibility of any dystopia, technically feasible but ethically vital, some proposals are considered in terms of Cyber Ethics and the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence; and some ethical principles are highlighted which seem to be serving as a common denominator from which to channel technological development in favour of humanity on a planetary scale. It concludes by reiterating the commitment to Digital Humanism.

From an express option in favour of the human, the article is structured as a response to the following research question: Could we identify a common ethical denominator that could serve as a proposal for a Digital Humanism: for a situation in which humanity, freeing itself from avoidable suffering, manages to deploy its potential to achieve sustainable economic development and technical and political progress capable of giving rise to human flourishing? All of this, within the framework of the Cyber Society and placing the person and his or her dignity at the centre of the whole process related to the Artificial Intelligence of the present and the future. On the basis of the Philosophy of Technology, and after taking into account the conditions of technical possibility of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, in an attempt to avoid the possibility of any dystopia, technically feasible but ethically vital, some proposals are considered in terms of Cyber Ethics and the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence; and some ethical principles are highlighted which seem to be serving as a common denominator from which to channel technological development in favour of humanity on a planetary scale. It concludes by reiterating the commitment to Digital Humanism.

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AbstractA genuine commitment to ethics and compliance (E&C) programs means that top management adopt them for what they represent and not for other purposes. Only then can they truly build socially responsible behavior and a successful and sustainable business, as stated in the latest international standard for compliance management practice (ISO 37301:2021), which we found to be consistent with a new business narrative as conceptualized in Freeman's work. However, it also requires that top managers place a moral value on these practices, rather than simply using them for instrumental reasons. Building on Kohlberg's six stages of moral development as applied to managers' moral thinking, this manuscript offers a model to explain how top managers' moral valuing of these practices varies along a moral reasoning continuum, resulting in four distinct modes. It also theorizes that each mode of moral valuing yields an archetype of E&C programs. It thus offers a new approach that contributes to the business ethics and management literature by incorporating a morally grounded perspective on the adoption and implementation of E&C practices and how it might shape their features and characteristics. It also aims to improve professional practice and business contributions to Freeman's ideas through genuine ethics‐based E&C programs.

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to explore the influence of the ethical infrastructure in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) on the perceived importance of ethics and the ethical culture of these companies. The study also aims to identify the individual actionable items that contribute to this influence and help managers willing to improve the importance of ethics and the ethical culture within their organizations. The method used consisted of a quantitative study based on partial least squares (PLS) with 148 valid questionnaires from 65 SMEs. The actionable elements that have a more significant impact on the perceived importance of the role that ethics plays in the company are the following: to establish norms of behavior, whether written or not; to communicate clearly that nonethical behavior is not tolerated; to put in place sanctioning mechanisms for actions that while not ethical, could benefit the company; to consider employee expectations; and to give voice to employees in critical issues that might affect the company and to set up measures for work–life balance.

Artículos en revistas ; Las políticas basadas en la RSC han propiciado una nueva concepción de las organizaciones, que ya no sólo deben buscar la maximización de su rentabilidad económica, sino también ser socialmente responsables. Se plantea el debate acerca de la aplicación alos clubes de fútbol de tales prácticas, de forma que incidan en la mejora de sus estructuras de gobierno y administración, así como en su reputación, pudiendo llegar en último término a contribuir a la creación de la marca país . ; The politics based on the CSR, has favored a new conception of the organizations that not only do they have to search for profitability maximization but also for a social responsibility. On its behalf, the prominence that soccer has gained for the last decades, had transformed this kind of activity into a phenomenon of a great socioeconomic impact that goes beyond what is merely sports. Howsoever one of its key aspects -the clubs- have turned into real enterprises which, in most cases, are not managed under the legal and ethic imperatives, entailed to the rest of entities which act in the commercial legal traffic, a debate is set out about the application to those of that kind of practices, in a way that they have an impact on their government structures and administration improvement, just like in its standing, even, coming to contribute, ultimately, to the creation of the country landmark . ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The Catholic Church has developed fundamentally throughout the last decades,a significant contribution to the reflection on how to build political, economic andsocial relations based on the values of the Gospel, for the well-being of minkind. In1967, Pope Paul VI published the encyclical letter Populorum Progressio in whichhe explained the conditions, from the perspective of the Church, so that a truedevelopment can take place, indicating that "in order for it to be authentic it mustbe integral, for the whole man and of all men "(n. 14). Since the publication of thisletter there have been significant changes in the business world, especially inrelation to globalization and the advent of the so-called digital era. However, thedeep keys of the proposal of Paul VI, of other texts of the Social Doctrine of theChurch and of Christian anthropology, remain current. Christian social thought'smission is to illuminate, as a prophecy, human action in this environment, whichundergoes faster and faster transformations. This study aims to offer, from theChristian perspective, some keys that can serve as a guide for decision making,especially for the business environment, in times of changes and uncertaintiesof the so-called digital era. As a result, the article offers three proposals forthe promotion of integral human development in the aforementioned context:unmasking ideologies, offering a clear model of a human being open totranscendence and fostering intergenerational cooperation. ; La Iglesia Católica ha desarrollado, fundamentalmente a lo largo de las últimas décadas, un aporte significativo para la reflexión acerca de cómo construir relaciones políticas, económicas y sociales basadas en los valores del Evangelio, por el bien de la humanidad. En 1967 el Papa Pablo VI publicó la carta encíclica Populorum Progressio donde explicitaba las condiciones, desde la perspectiva de la Iglesia, para que pueda darse un verdadero desarrollo, indicando que "para que sea auténtico ha de ser integral, de todo el hombre y de todos los hombres" (n. 14). Desde la publicación de esta carta se han producido cambios significativos en el mundo empresarial, especialmente en relación con la globalización y el advenimiento de la llamada era digital. Sin embargo, las claves profundas de la propuesta de Pablo VI, de otros textos de la Doctrina Social de la Iglesia y de la antropología cristiana, siguen siendo actuales. El pensamiento social cristiano tiene por misión iluminar, a modo de profecía, la acción humana en este entorno, que sufre transformaciones cada vez más rápidas. Este estudio pretende ofrecer, desde la perspectiva cristiana, algunas claves que puedan servir de guía para la toma de decisiones, sobre todo para el entorno empresarial, en tiempos de cambios e incertidumbres propios de la llamada era digital. Como resultado, el artículo ofrece tres propuestas para la promoción del desarrollo humano integral en el contexto anteriormente citado: desenmascarar las ideologías, ofrecer un claro modelo de ser humano abierto a la transcendencia y fomentar la cooperación intergeneracional.

Personas individuales, familiares, económicas y otras formas de personas que sufren impacto en las organizaciones. El sufrimiento en el lugar de trabajo es probablemente una ocurrencia más común de lo que se espera en la vida cotidiana. Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud, 300 millones de personas en todo el mundo luchan contra la depresión y cerca de 800.000 personas mueren cada año debido al suicidio (OMS, 2018). El lugar de trabajo en sí mismo es una fuente de sufrimiento en parte debido al aumento de la competencia y las nuevas formas de organización laboral derivadas (Hirigoyen, 2008). La Encuesta europea sobre condiciones de trabajo en la Unión Europea reúne los aspectos más variados de las condiciones de trabajo, como la duración de la jornada laboral, las relaciones entre colaboradores en las organizaciones o los hábitos de trabajo saludables. Entre los resultados de esa encuesta, cabe destacar que casi la mitad de los cerca de veintidós mil trabajadores encuestados en los 27 países miembros declararon que se sentían incómodos debido a las condiciones de su trabajo (Puig-Barrachina et al., 2014). Tanto la psicología como la sociología, han tratado de encontrar herramientas para ayudar a las personas a aliviar su sufrimiento en las empresas. La inaccesibilidad, complejidad y universalidad del concepto de sufrimiento nos lleva a abordar la Filosofía, disciplina que estudia el sufrimiento muy profundamente en todas sus etapas históricas (Han, 2014). En interés de ambos, el bienestar de los empleados y el desempeño de la compañía, el sufrimiento debe ser tomado en serio por los gerentes. Sin embargo, existe un escaso conocimiento sobre los efectos del sufrimiento en la salud y la seguridad laboral. Los sistemas actuales de gestión humana no abordan directamente este problema, y ​​hay una falta de evidencia sobre cómo manejar el sufrimiento en las organizaciones. Basado en postulados filosóficos, este trabajo analiza los datos cualitativos recopilados en entrevistas profundas con ocho gerentes de recursos humanos principales de empresas seleccionadas en España para descubrir lo que vendrá en el campo de la gestión del sufrimiento en las organizaciones. ; Individual, family, economic, and other forms of people suffering impact organizations. Suffering in the workplace is probably a more common occurrence than expected in everyday life. According to the World Health Organization, 300 million people worldwide struggle with depression and close to 800.000 people die due to suicide every year (WHO, 2018). The workplace itself is a source of suffering partially due to the increase of competition and the derived new forms of work organization (Hirigoyen, 2008). The European Survey on Working Conditions in the European Union gathers the most varied aspects of working conditions, such as the duration of the working day, relationships between collaborators in organizations, or healthy work habits. Among the results of that survey it is noteworthy that almost half of the close to twenty-two thousand workers surveyed in the 27 member countries stated that they felt uneasiness due to the conditions of their work (Puig-Barrachina et al., 2014). Both Psychology and Sociology, have tried to find tools to help people to alleviate their suffering in companies. The unattainability, complexity and universality of the concept of suffering leads us to approach Philosophy, discipline that studies suffering very deeply in all its historical stages (Han, 2014). In the interests of both, employee wellbeing and company performance, suffering must be taken seriously by managers. However, poor knowledge exists concerning the effects of suffering on health and occupational safety. The current human management systems do not directly address this problem, and there is a lack of evidence regarding how to manage suffering in organizations. Rooted in philosophical postulates, this work analyses qualitative data collected from deep interviews with eight Top Human Resources Managers of selected companies in Spain to discover what is to come in the field of suffering management in organizations ; info:eu-repo/semantics/draft

Glass fibers play a key role as reinforcements in composite materials, where increasing mechanical properties at affordable costs are required in applications such aerospace, automotive and wind turbine manufacturing. The production of glass nanofibers augurs a substantial enhancement of their performance. However, although different techniques are currently used to produce glass, polymer or carbon nanofibers, none of them is practical to continuously produce solid, non-porous and separated glass nanofibers with capability to feasibly scaling up for mass production. The continuous fiberizing by laser melting (Cofiblas), makes possible to obtain ultrafine fibers with virtually infinite length. Here, we provide a deep analysis on the influence of the laser beam shaping system on the performance of the Cofiblas technique. Two different optical systems are compared: the first one consists of a beam-splitter coupled to a set of mirrors and spherical lenses. While the second one, is based on an anamorphic system comprising a simple combination of cylindrical and spherical lenses. Both configurations are evaluated and compared in several sets of experiments with the main target of obtaining continuous glass nanofibers with the smallest diameter. The anamorphic system generates an elliptical Gaussian distribution of the laser beam irradiance, which increases the energy absorbed by the preform. As a result, continuous silica nanofibers with diameters 84.5% smaller are obtained with the anamorphic system, compared with the optical system constituted by spherical lenses. ; Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade de Vigo/CISUG ; Xunta de Gallicia | Ref. ED431C 2019/23 ; Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. PGC2018–094900-B-I00 ; European Union | Ref. EAPA_151/2016 Interreg Atlantic Area ; 3312.08 Propiedades de Los Materiales ; 3308 Ingeniería y Tecnología del Medio Ambiente ; 3312.06 Vidrio

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade de Vigo/CISUG ; Glass fibers play a key role as reinforcements in composite materials, where increasing mechanical properties at affordable costs are required in applications such aerospace, automotive and wind turbine manufacturing. The production of glass nanofibers augurs a substantial enhancement of their performance. However, although different techniques are currently used to produce glass, polymer or carbon nanofibers, none of them is practical to continuously produce solid, non-porous and separated glass nanofibers with capability to feasibly scaling up for mass production. The continuous fiberizing by laser melting (Cofiblas), makes possible to obtain ultrafine fibers with virtually infinite length. Here, we provide a deep analysis on the influence of the laser beam shaping system on the performance of the Cofiblas technique. Two different optical systems are compared: the first one consists of a beam-splitter coupled to a set of mirrors and spherical lenses. While the second one, is based on an anamorphic system comprising a simple combination of cylindrical and spherical lenses. Both configurations are evaluated and compared in several sets of experiments with the main target of obtaining continuous glass nanofibers with the smallest diameter. The anamorphic system generates an elliptical Gaussian distribution of the laser beam irradiance, which increases the energy absorbed by the preform. As a result, continuous silica nanofibers with diameters 84.5% smaller are obtained with the anamorphic system, compared with the optical system constituted by spherical lenses. ; Xunta de Gallicia | Ref. ED431C 2019/23 ; Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. PGC2018–094900-B-I00 ; European Union | Ref. EAPA_151/2016 Interreg Atlantic Area ; 3312.08 Propiedades de Los Materiales ; 3308 Ingeniería y Tecnología del Medio Ambiente ; 3312.06 Vidrio