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"Nonresponse is of concern for the quality of survey data, because it may introduce bias into the collected sample. To date, only few studies deal with nonresponse in skills or educational surveys. This paper aims at contributing to this field by identifying the main factors that influenced participation in the first wave of PIAAC Germany, a survey assessing skills of the adult population, conducted in 2011/ 2012. Using bi- and multivariate analyses, we found that age, citizenship, the level of education, the type of house the sampled persons live in, and municipality size were the main factors influencing response to PIAAC Germany. Our findings suggest that, for the effective reduction of nonresponse in skills or education studies, researchers should target persons with a low level of education, foreigners, those living in larger housing units, and big-city dwellers by using appropriate measures at the different stages of the survey process." (author's abstract)

"In PIAAC, each participating country was required to attain a response rate of at least 50 percent, as long as evidence was provided that there was either no or only low nonresponse bias in the data. Achieving 50 percent is a challenge for face-to-face surveys in most Western countries and also in Germany. Previous research showed that the use of incentives is an effective tool to increase response rates in different kinds of surveys. However, incentives may have differential effects on certain socio-demographic groups, because the perceived benefits of an incentive are subjective. To assess the effects of incentives on response rate and nonresponse bias, an experiment with three incentive treatments (10 Euro-coin, 25 Euro and 50 Euro in cash) was implemented in the German PIAAC field test. Results show that response rates increased as the incentive increased. With regard to nonresponse bias, the results are less explicit. According to logistic regressions, the main factors for participation in the 50 Euro condition are age, citizenship, and municipality size and in the 25 Euro condition, only municipality size. Bivariate analyses put these results into perspective. For all treatment groups, a low potential for bias is visible, and there is no statistical evidence that response distributions of the realized sample across treatments are different." (author's abstract)

Contact-tracing smartphone apps that rely on users' private data have been proposed as important tools in fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. The use of these apps, however, has sparked new debates on the value of data privacy. Several earlier studies have investigated citizens' willingness to use such apps. We propose a set of questions as a new measurement instrument that goes beyond eliciting acceptance and aims at quantifying users' willingness to pay (WTP) for data privacy. We assess some aspects of the measurement instrument pertaining to its validity. We find central assumptions of our theoretical model met, suggesting that the instrument serves as a good starting point for measuring WTP. For example, we found a rather low WTP for data privacy in times of a pandemic, with high consent rates to data sharing and a majority of people who would pay amounts of up to 10€ only to not have to share data. Nevertheless, there are several improvements to the instrument possible that should be addressed by future research. We also encourage researchers to field the refined version in larger samples including the offline population.

The BOP-HH Scientific Use File 202201 Version 01 data set continues the BOPSOCE Scientific Use File Version 1.0. It consists of the Stata files bophh_suf_202201_v01_wave01.dta to bophh_suf_202201_v01_wave24.dta. For more details, see the BOP-HH documentation on the website of the Deutsche Bundesbank.

The BOP-HH Scientific Use File 202104 Version 02 data set continues the BOPSOCE Scientific Use File Version 1.0. It consists of the Stata files bophh_suf_202104_v02_wave01.dta to bophh_suf_202104_v02_wave21.dta. For more details, see the BOP-HH documentation on the website of the Deutsche Bundesbank.

The BOP-HH Scientific Use File 202104 Version 1 data set is the first version of the BOP-HH data set and continues the BOPSOCE Scientific Use File Version 1.0. It consists of the Stata files bophh_suf_202104_v01_wave01.dta to bophh_suf_202104_v01_wave21.dta. For more details, see the BOP-HH documentation on the website of the Deutsche Bundesbank.

The BOP-HH Scientific Use File 202103 Version 1 data set is the first version of the BOP-HH data set and continues the BOPSOCE Scientific Use File Version 1.0. It consists of the Stata files bophh_suf_202103_v01_wave01.dta to bophh_suf_202103_v01_wave18.dta. For more details, see the BOP-HH documentation on the website of the Deutsche Bundesbank.

Eine zentrale Aufgabe von Bildungssystemen ist es, Grundkompetenzen etwa im Lesen, Schreiben und Rechnen zu vermitteln, und damit Schülerinnen und Schüler auf ihren weiteren Lebensweg vorzubereiten. Insbesondere Ergebnisse der PISA-Studie haben gezeigt, dass in Deutschland der Besuch unterschiedlicher Schularten mit deutlichen Unterschieden in verschiedenen Kompetenzbereichen einhergeht. Es ist daher auch bei Personen im Erwachsenenalter zu erwarten, dass zwischen formaler Bildung und Grundkompetenzen ein starker Zusammenhang besteht. Empirische Belege für diese Annahme liefern frühere Studien zu Kompetenzen von Erwachsenen (Lehmann 1997; Wölfel et al. 2011) Dabei ist davon auszugehen, dass formale (Aus-) Bildung und Kompetenzen sich gegenseitig verstärken: Einerseits vermitteln Schule und Ausbildung grundlegende Kompetenzen, andererseits werden Personen mit defizitären Grundkompetenzen das Ausbildungssystem mit größerer Wahrscheinlichkeit früher verlassen. Zusätzlich ist ein indirekter Effekt des Bildungssystems zu erwarten: In seinem Rahmen werden Einstellungen, zum Beispiel zum Lernen und zum Lesen gefördert, die in späteren Lebensabschnitten die Wahrscheinlichkeit steigern, dass Personen sich weiterbilden und so ihre Kompetenzen aufrechterhalten und ausbauen (OECD 2013).

The BOP-HH Scientific Use File 202102 Version 2 data set is the first version of the BOP-HH data set and continues the BOPSOCE Scientific Use File Version 1.0. It consists of the Stata files bophh_suf_202102_v02_wave01.dta to bophh_suf_202102_v02_wave15.dta. For more details, see the BOP-HH documentation on the website of the Deutsche Bundesbank.