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The aim of this article is to present changes in the employment policy in Poland after the Second World War(in a synthetic manner), with particular emphasis on employment agency and vocational counseling provided by employment offices. Due to the wide range of research issues, the considerations focus on legal and organizational issues as well as the objectives and development directions of employment services.The article uses two historical methods of research: philosophical and statistical. What is more, following source texts were analyzed: legal acts, printed sources, archival sources.After World War II, public employment services evolved compared to the period of the Second Polish Republic. Their main goal was no longer to mitigate the effects of unemployment, but to eliminate it and achieve full employment for the needs of the expanding economic compound. In addition to traditional job placement, a number of instruments for recruiting and activating the workforce has been introduced, including vocational guidance. Poland's entering the path of socialist industrialization led to a further transformation of the activities of employment offices as well asto the elimination of vocational guidance.

After the end of World War I and Poland regaining independence after 123 years of captivity, its situation was difficult in every respect. Entangled in various political problems, Second Polish Republic could not direct the right forces and resources to those areas of social life that were the most neglected and required quick and radical action. Lack of work after the war and increasing unemployment every year resulted in the deepening poverty of those less resourceful, inheriting poverty from generation to generation. Often the only salvation for the family was sending the children to work immediately after graduating from primary school or even earlier. The Polish government, aware of this situation, did not have the possibility to address the problem properly.
The aim of the article is to show how difficult the situation of children and families can be when the national support system is ineffective. By analogy, it is also intended to emphasize the importance of activities undertaken by the present government for the benefit of children and families. Owing to the interest and various forms of support, children, regardless of their financial status, are provided with opportunities for development and a dignified life.