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The Redman, the Negro, and the white man were the three colors in the human palette of Nueva Granada. With these and their derivatives time has worked, during the course of four centuries, to create every possible mixture, blend, and shade of mankind, every human color possible without the addition of the yellow element from Asia. But the more important blendings were those of the white and Indian to form the great mestizo group of the highlands and of the white and Negro to produce the mulattoes who share the hot, sultry lowlands with the more pure-blooded descendants of the Africans. In the twentieth century the immigration of a few hundred Japanese, who settled in the Cauca Valley, has added the last of the major human types to the population of Colombia.

Brazil stands at the threshold of what may be a new epoch in her history. A high tide of nationalism char acterized the November 1960 presidential elections, and in quietude prevails in many quarters in Brazil and the United States with respect to the national and international policies of the new president who took office in Brazil early in 1961. Many momentous social changes underlie the social ferment and demand for change currently prevailing throughout the Brazilian half of the South American continent. First, popu lation is increasing at the rate of 2.5 per cent per annum, and the rate itself is rising. Each year there are about 1,700,000 more Brazilians on December 31 than there were on January 1. Second, this population is concentrating in cities and towns to an unprecedented degree, due largely to the migration of people from the rural districts. All the cities literally are bursting at their seams. Third, the problems of living in inadequately supplied urban centers weigh heavily on large segments of the Brazilian population. Fourth, for many reasons, the aspira tions of Brazil's people are rising more rapidly than their levels of achievement, thus the gap between the standard of living and the level or plane of living is increasing. This means that the area of frustration is broadening. Fifth, shortages exist in Brazil of almost everything needed in a modern, urban, and industrialized society.

Principiemos esta palestra com um breve comentário sôbre o que, a meuver, constitui o elemento preponderante de nossa mentalidade, e sôbre osjuízos e opiniões que nos orientam, quando porventura somos chamados atrabalhar, em nossa pátria ou no exterior, com pessoas de outras terras. Seráque os norte-americanos usam tipo especial de "óculos" que dá uma deformaçãoparticular aos conceitos e idéias que encontramos em diferentes paísesou entre estudantes e pessoas que vêm trabalhar conosco? Pessoalmente*acredito que sim.

Principiemos esta palestra com um breve comentário sôbre o que, a meuver, constitui o elemento preponderante de nossa mentalidade, e sôbre osjuízos e opiniões que nos orientam, quando porventura somos chamados atrabalhar, em nossa pátria ou no exterior, com pessoas de outras terras. Seráque os norte-americanos usam tipo especial de "óculos" que dá uma deformaçãoparticular aos conceitos e idéias que encontramos em diferentes paísesou entre estudantes e pessoas que vêm trabalhar conosco? Pessoalmente*acredito que sim.