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Why have Islamic insurance systems developed well in some countries, but not in others? Malaysia is considered as Islamic insurance elite due to its relatively large number of operators it houses as well as the sustained growth of Islamic insurance sales within the country, while Indonesia and Pakistan are still in early stages of development. Analyzing the political and social history of Islamization of insurance systems in these three Muslim majority countries in Asia since 1980s, this dissertation demonstrates the development gap between these countries on Islamic insurance results from; firstly, complex bargains made between various groups within each country polity, and those bargains are structured by the country's fundamental political institutions. Secondly, the gap is also an outcome of different societal transformations during the Islamization that 'produce Islam(s)' in these countries. The revival of Islamic principles in these countries does not only create Sharia-compliant financial products but produces Islamic norms, identities, ethics, and practices enacted in their risk management.

This essay explores gender issues in the contemporary application of Islamic law in the Muslim majority-states of northern Nigeria. Brief political background helps to explain the shari'a codes enacted by the legislatures of the states, drawing largely from the classical formulations of Maliki school of Islamic law. Women were among the first to be prosecuted and sentenced to death by stoning for the offence of zinā. To provide effective legal defense for the accused women, their lawyers and activists for women human rights had to argue in Islamic law before they could convince Shari'a Courts of Appeal to overturn the sentences of death by stoning and set the women free. In the process, women activists learned a lot about the classical formulations of Maliki school of Islamic law, where they discovered the rich flexibility of Islamic thought, and that has empowered them to articulate Islamic criticisms against gender bias in the recently enacted shari'a codes.

Der Beitrag untersucht Zusammenhänge zwischen Bildung/Erziehung und der Religion in Nordnigeria auf dem Hintergrund von Prozessen sozio-kulturellen Wandels. Der zeitliche Schwerpunkt der Untersuchung liegt in der Periode von den 1970er bis Ende der 1990er Jahre, die Analyse schließt allerdings auch die britische Kolonialzeit und die frühe Entwicklung des 1960 unabhängig gewordenen Nigeria mit ein. Das Spannungsfeld der Betrachtung reicht vom traditionellen Islam/islamischen Traditionalismus über modernen Islam/islamischen Modernismus bis zum Konflikt zwischen westlicher Orientierung und islamischem Fundamentalismus. (DÜI-Kör)