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This book deals with the discourse on Kurdishness and the development of the Kurdish national movement from its inception at the end of the 19th century to the late 1930's. The first part examines the efforts of aspiring Kurdish leaders, mainly through newspapers, to "awaken" their fellow Kurds to the necessity and benefits of the Kurdish cause. Part two deals with the rise of a Kurdish movement in exile, mainly in Syria, and analyzes various aspects of cultural nation-building as mirrored in Kurdish publications. Part three focuses on the effort of a prominent Kurdish nationalist to promote Kurdishness in a little-known novel written in German. The book includes an annex with translations from Ottoman and Turkish sources, illustrations, and an index

This work covers the discourse on Kurdishness and the development of the Kurdish national movement from its inception at the end of the 19th century to the late 1930s. It examines the efforts of aspiring Kurdish leaders to "awaken" their fellow Kurds to the necessity of the Kurdish cause.

The article deals with the Omeriye Mosque which was erected as a church in the 14th century and transformed into a mosque by the Ottomans in the 16th century. It was used exclusively by Turkish-Cypriot Muslims until the mid-1950s. Since the 1980s it has become a multinational place of worship. The mosque, located in the southern ("Greek") part of divided Nicosia, is today a meeting place for hundreds of Muslims mainly from Syria, Egypt, Pakistan and Bangladesh; they include migrant workers, students, and asylum-seekers. After a short historical introduction, the article examines the spatial characteristics of the mosque, the ethnic and social composition of the mosque-goers, particulars of worship and teachings as well as the running of the mosque.

Despite the Aircraft Communications, Addressing and Reporting System (ACARS) being widely deployed for over twenty years, little scrutiny has been applied to it outside of the aviation community. Whilst originally utilized by commercial airlines to track their flights and provide automated timekeeping on crew, today it serves as a multi-purpose air-ground data link for many aviation stakeholders including private jet owners, state actors and military. Such a change has caused ACARS to be used far beyond its original mandate; to date no work has been undertaken to assess the extent of this especially with regard to privacy and the various stakeholder groups which use it. In this paper, we present an analysis of ACARS usage by privacy sensitive actors-military, government and business. We conduct this using data from the VHF (both traditional ACARS, and VDL mode 2) and satellite communications subnetworks. Based on more than two million ACARS messages collected over the course of 16 months, we demonstrate that current ACARS usage systematically breaches location privacy for all examined aviation stakeholder groups, explaining the types of messages used to cause this problem.We illustrate the challenges with three case studies-one for each stakeholder group-to show how much privacy sensitive information can be constructed with a handful of ACARS messages. We contextualize our findings with opinions on the issue of privacy in ACARS from 40 aviation industry professionals. From this, we explore recommendations for how to address these issues, including use of encryption and policy measures. ; ISSN:2299-0984