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Les grandes lignes de l'eugénisme britannique -- La supériorité féminine : la pensée singulière de Frances Swiney (1847-1922) -- Le féminisme "maternel" : l'example d'Elizabeth Sloan Chesser (1877-1940) -- Homosexualité, eugénisme et "maternité spirituelle" : la pensée d'Edith Ellis (1861-1916) -- Effacement des sexes, extinction de la "race" : le discours antiféministe d'Arabella Kenealy (1859-1938) -- L'éducation et la places des femmes dans la société selon Charlotte Cowdroy (1864-1932) -- Célibat féminin et eugénisme en Grande-Bretagne -- Entre eugénisme et dysgénisme, le débat sur la limitation des naissances : Mary Scharlieb (1845-1930), Marie Stopes (1880-1958) et Stella Browne (1880-1955)

The intrusion of the United States into the Middle East has resulted from a long & patient undermining of the power of Great Britain in the region. Since the First World War, the U.S. has been playing a chess game in the Near East & Middle East, a game at which it has gradually become a master. In 1945, lured by its thirst for oil & wanting a partnership with one of the oil-rich nations of the region, the United States entered into a partnership with Saudi Arabia that made the U.S. an important factor in the region. The country solidified this position of power & influence during the first years of the Cold War. Adapted from the source document.

In this exclusive interview with Laure Mandeville for Politique Internationale, the former world chess champion explains why he has changed tack, & is entering the political arena. It was the arrival of Vladimir Putin in the Kremlin that finally swayed Gary Kasparov. Scandalized by the destruction of liberties & careful regulation of any form of opposition power, he wants to use his unique intelligence & popularity to achieve a very ambitious objective: save the concept of democracy in Russia. He also wants to prevent Putin from trying for a third term. For the moment, his solitary combat looks more like David against Goliath. He's canvassing the Russian provinces & meeting as many people as possible, despite the obstacles strewn in his path by government bureaucracy. But Gary Kasparov is convinced that it is only through his blood, sweat & tears that he will be able to shake up an apathetic society & spur the much desired democratic leap. Adapted from the source document.