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Summary in English.

The debate upon the waning of war encompasses nearly all the major cleavages of contemporary International Relations Theory. The goals of this article are threefold. Firstly, we will offer an extensive and articulated review of the literature, one which parts company with the most common reviews relying on such criteria as the level of analysis or the different approaches to the discipline. Secondly, we aim at enriching the contemporary debate, by taking into consideration some past and somehow more radical contributes, dating back to the European Civil War of the XX century. Finally, our last goal is highlighting some silences and distortions which contribute to hinder the debate upon the decline of war, while reflecting, at the same time, characteristic biases which the IR theory has not overcome yet. Adapted from the source document.

Leonardo's interest in Vitruvian machinatio, subservient to the needs of military architecture, starts with the return of the Sienese tradition involving mechanisms used both in civil and military fields. Whilst Martini's influence on his military studies is partly known, very little is as yet known about the extent to which they were influenced by direct observation of fortified cities. This study analyses some drawings in which the Master achieves a perfect synthesis of art and science, harmonizing together the natural features of a territory and the technical aspects necessary to forge military strategies.

What was the impact of the armies of the King of Spain on one of the territories of its composite monarchy during the centuries of the early modern age? What changes took place in the relations of power between the local institutions and the Madrid headquarters, between the Lombard corps and the city of Milan, between the representatives of the territorial corps and the power élites, as a consequence of the grievous burden represented by the military costs necessary for running the war? These are some of the questions that the author attempts to answer through study of the phenomenon of the military garrisons, an exceptional vantage point for observing the fine line that, in the ancient regime, divided the "military" and "civilian" worlds, which were not yet separated by the high walls and barbed wire of modern barracks. - Quale fu l'impatto degli eserciti del re di Spagna su un territorio della sua composita monarchia durante i secoli della prima età moderna? Come mutarono i rapporti di forza tra le istituzioni locali ed il centro madrileno, tra i corpi lombardi e la città di Milano, tra le rappresentanze dei corpi territoriali e le élites di potere in conseguenza del grave peso rappresentato dagli oneri militari necessari alla conduzione della guerra? Queste sono le domande a cui si cerca di dare risposta attraverso lo studio del fenomeno degli alloggiamenti militari, osservatorio privilegiato di quel labile confine esistente in antico regime tra due mondi, il "militare" e il "civile", non ancora separati dagli alti muri e dai fili spinati delle moderne caserme.