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The global spread of Remote Air Warfare expresses the emergence of a riskless unilateral war, aseptic for the offensive, lethal to the enemy and with reduced collateral damage This is the promise and the reality of employment of drones Accepting the objective operational advantages of Remote Air Warfare, this articles aims to determine which strategic differentiators contribute to its future preeminence. We argue that the growing preeminence of Remote Air Warfare will have effects at the operational level, with impact on the conduct of war; genetic effects reflected in the change in the characteristics and capabilities of airpower, and political effects which impact the decision making process about the use of force. Adapted from the source document.

The purpose of this article is to explain why decision-making decision-making about sending Bundeswehr troops to peacekeeping, stabilization and combat missions abroad remains a problem for German foreign and security policy. The article argues that a paradox prevails in Berlin's foreign policy, which is also reflected in its security policy, between Germany as the central geo-economic European power, as the ongoing crisis in the eurozone shows, and its obvious discomfort in assuming a more assertive role in security policy, based on a more engaged security strategy, more like its European partners. Adapted from the source document.

One of the most vibrant theories that constitute the theoretical framework of Foreign Policy Analysis is the Decision Unit Framework created by Margaret & Charles Hermann. This article aims to present a critical view of this theory, demonstrating its strengths & weaknesses, always with the attempt of demystifying some of its excessive simplifications in relation to actors' characteristics. We exemplify a more sharpened analysis of the coalition decision-making process through the demonstration of the conflict that opposed then Portuguese President Spinola & the Armed Forces Movement (MFA) during the Portuguese democratic transition process between 1974 & 1975. Tables, Figures, References. Adapted from the source document.

Commitment in foreign policy seems to be mostly a consequence of a domestic policy process, & in this way, when a political leader makes a decision this is underlined by his maintenance in power. This is the main argument of the poliheuristic theory of decision making. The case study presented here tests this theory, looking at the decision of Oliveira Salazar to support Ian Smith, South Rhodesian prime-minister, which stresses that the study of domestic policy, political systems & decision making should have the same relevance of the international system, when we analyze foreign policy states commitment. Adapted from the source document.

The aim of this article is to understand how the decision-making process in Brazil's foreign policy is structured, with an emphasis on the inter-bureaucratic dynamics during 20 years (1988-2007), marked out by the time restrictions of the research. Therefore, indicators were established, which allow investigation of the conclusions as to whether decision-making is centralized or horizontalized in its intra-bureaucratic structure, and whether it is insulated from or open to dialogue with other government agencies. Adapted from the source document.

The manner in which the United States went to war against Iraq in 2003 was not a radical departure from the past. American history shows that the United States has had a propensity to become involved in unnecessary wars. These wars share the following characteristics: they were justified in the name of America's presumed historical mission; they were entered into on the basis of false premises; a small "war party" was indispensable to the decision to go to war; the two party democratic competition often acts as a stimulus to military action; the wars exhibit a kind of "law of unintended consequences.". Adapted from the source document.

Departing from a discussion about the traditionally insulated process of foreign policy formation in Brazil, the article discusses the potential impact of the interactions between public opinion & foreign policy, trying to understand the marginal role such a question plays in the research agenda of Brazilian foreign policy analysts. References. Adapted from the source document.

O artigo explora a tese de que a ordem constitucional vigente sob a Constituição Federal de 1988 é caracterizada pela indeterminação social do direito. Esse conceito combina dimensões empíricas e normativas: a multiplicidade de arenas decisórias especializadas na estabilização de expectativas e a luta de justificação sobre a interpretação política das normas jurídicas.

The contribution of Hugo Grotius to international relations theory is especially relevant given the growth of contemporary global interdependence. Grotius has paved the way to a more elaborate vision of international politics. In particular, he points to the existence of an open international society -- a more dense concept than the mere interstate system -- in which a variety of interests and actors coexist. He is the precursor of a complex liberal formulation -- where interests are tantamount -- that brings up distributive outcomes as a result of reciprocal costs. Adapted from the source document.

The present paper aims to show that, not only the concept of anarchy cannot be anchored in the author that traditionally has worked as its validator -- Hobbes -- it has no foundation whatsoever, except possibly a mythical one. International anarchy entails an ontological state, not a phenomenological one, of permanent war, of chaos incompatible with the presence of sovereign powers in the international scene. The concept of anarchy, despite the structural aporiae that thwart its sustainability, serves a particular status quo, pursues the preservation of the logic of power internationally and, for that reason alone, it remains an object of affection to those who dictate the rules, as an ideological apparatus that does not bind them. Adapted from the source document.