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"In der aktuellen Debatte erscheinen Forderungen nach sozialer Gerechtigkeit in zwei Typen aufgespalten: Forderungen nach Umverteilung von Ressourcen und Forderungen nach Anerkennung kultureller Verschiedenheit. Diese beiden Typen von Forderungen werden zunehmend gegeneinander polarisiert. Entsprechend sollen wir wählen zwischen Klassenpolitik und Identitätspolitik, sozialer Demokratie und Multikulturalismus, Umverteilung und Anerkennung. Es handelt sich dabei jedoch um falsche Gegensätze. Gerechtigkeit erfordert heute beides: Umverteilung und Anerkennung. Eines allein ist unzureichend. Wenn man diese These akzeptiert, rückt die Frage in den Mittelpunkt, wie beide Forderungen zu vereinbaren sind. In dem Papier wird der Standpunkt vertreten, daß die emanzipatorischen Aspekte der beiden Paradigmata in einen umfassenden Rahmen integriert werden müssen. In dem Beitrag werden zwei Dimensionen dieses Vorhabens behandelt. Als erstes wird auf der Ebene der Moralphilosophie eine übergreifende Konzeption von Gerechtigkeit vorgeschlagen, die sowohl vertretbare Forderungen nach sozialer Gleichheit umfaßt als auch vertretbare Forderungen nach Anerkennung von Differenz. Auf der Ebene von Gesellschaftstheorie wird ein Ansatz vorgeschlagen, der den komplexen Beziehungen zwischen Interesse und Identität, Ökonomie und Kultur sowie Klasse und Status in der heutigen globalisierten, kapitalistischen Gesellschaft Rechnung trägt." (Autorenreferat)

Der Artikel thematisiert Geschlechterverhältnisse, die weitgehend sozial hergestellt werden, wobei die biologischen Seiten nicht verleugnet werden sollen. Aber Geschlecht ist "ein Bezugspunkt des Handelns", der bei der Einschätzung anderer Menschen immer eine Rolle spielt. "Geschlecht" sollte daher im Kontext sozialer Situationen untersucht werden. Geschlechtszugehörigkeit ist ein zentrales Moment der Orientierung in der Interaktion, sie muss symbolisch dargestellt werden. Der Beitrag fordert, zu untersuchen, wie Geschlecht in historischen sozialen Kontexten hergestellt wird. Menschen sind immer in über-individuelle gesellschaftliche Strukturen und Kontexte eingebunden. Eine psychologische Forschung zu Geschlechterverhältnissen sollte daher Disziplin- übergreifend arbeiten. Als sinnvoll wird ein Vorgehen begriffen, das individuelle Lebensgestaltungs- und Selbst- Konstruktionsprozesse mit Prozessen der Reproduktion und Veränderung gesellschaftlicher Geschlechterverhältnisse verbindet. Der Artikel wendet sich dann feministisch- psychoanalytischen Fragestellungen zu. Männliche und weibliche Entwicklung sollten konzeptualisiert werden und die Konstitution von "Begehren", "Macht" und "Unterordnung" besser verstanden werden. Dann geht der Beitrag auf die Theorie der "Symbolischen Interaktion" und auf "poststrukturalistisches" und "postmodernes" Denken ein. Es wird die Auffassung vertreten, dass ein Konzept "prinzipiell nicht abgeschlossener" Konstruktion von Geschlecht für die Psychologie sinnvoll ist. Denn sowohl Männer wie auch Frauen handeln manchmal "männlich", manchmal aber "weiblich". (ICB)

Der Autor untersucht auf der Grundlage einer eigenen Studie die theoretische Diskussion über die Definition von Lebensqualität, die Auswahl der adäquaten Indikatoren und der optimalen Erhebungseinheit. Für alle 396 Gemeinden in Nordrhein-Westfalen sind 65 Merkmale, die aus der amtlichen Statistik 1985 verfügbar waren, als Basis einer Faktorenanalyse ausgewertet worden. Die ermittelten Faktoren bilden Einzelindikatoren verschiedener Aspekte der Lebensqualität; durch die Faktorwerte läßt sich der Grad an Lebensqualität der einzelnen Gemeinden bezeichnen. Die Faktoren lassen sich im einzelnen kennzeichnen als (1) Grad der industriellen Agglomeration, (2) Grad der Wohnattraktivität, (3) Grad der Annäherung an die Stagnation und (4) Bedeutung des tertiären Sektors. Die Gewichtung der Faktoren bleibt individuell. - Eine eindeutige Bewertung der Gemeinden ist auch dann möglich, wenn zwischen den verschiedenen Aspekten der Lebensqualität Zielkonflikte bestehen. Die vier Indikatoren entsprechen der realen Wohnortpräferenz, die weitgehend von den unterschiedlichen Ansprüchen eines Individuums bestimmt sein können. (HN)

This study attempts to identify the reality of using AR technology by secondary school female teachers in Abha City from their perspective and attitudes towards AR. The study used a questionnaire as an instrument for data collection. The study utilized the descriptive-analysis approach, and the sample comprised 298 teachers, who were selected randomly. The study indicated that the reality of using AR in teaching for secondary school female teachers achieved a high score of (3.82) from their point of view. Furthermore, the study showed that female teachers' attitudes toward using AR were positive and with a high degree (4.32). Additionally, the study showed that there were statistically significant differences (0.05 α ≤) in the reality of secondary school female teachers' use of AR in teaching due to the variable (Age and Courses). However, there were no statistically significant differences in the use of AR among female teachers because of the variables (Years of experience and Specialization). Based on the most important results, the study recommended the necessity to train female teachers to produce, design, and employ augmented reality content in the educational process and to work scientifically to overcome the obstacles they face in utilizing augmented reality technology in their teaching.

Received: 25 February 2023 / Accepted: 20 April 2023 / Published: 5 May 2023

The study examined career choice and academic programmes among senior high school students in the Ashanti Mampong Municipality. The study was guided by three research questions and three hypotheses. The study used the descriptive cross-sectional survey design with a quantitative approach. Multi-stage sampling procedures (purposive, proportionate, and simple random sampling) were used to select a sample of 336 respondents for the study. The instrument used to gather data was the questionnaire. The data was analysed using means and standard deviation while hypotheses were tested using an independent sample t-test. Results revealed that environmental factors, institutional factors, and personal characteristics influenced students' career choices and academic programmes. The study revealed that there was no significant difference in the perception of male and female students regarding the environmental factors that influenced their selection of career choice and academic programme. The study further revealed gender differences in institutional factors when making decisions about their career choice and academic programme. The study again revealed no gender difference in the mean score of students' perception regarding their personal characteristics that influenced their choice of career and academic programme. Based on these findings, it was recommended that educators and school counsellors should focus on parents' socio-economic status when counselling students on career choice and academic programmes.

This study determined the relationship between credit risks and the financial performance of quoted commercial banks in Nigeria. The credit risk variables studied were exchange rate, interest rate and liquidity rate. Financial performance was measured using return on assets. The research design employed in this study was the Ex-post facto research design. The population comprised the top 10 commercial banks in Nigeria as of December 2021 with updated financial statements up to 2021. The banks were ranked in terms of assets. The study covered a period of five years - 2017 to 2021. The study utilized secondary data that were extracted from the annual report and accounts of the commercial banks. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the mean, median, standard deviation, maximum and minimum mean values of the study variables. Regression analysis was used to analyze the research hypotheses. The findings of the study revealed a significant relationship between liquidity ratios and financial performance, but no significant relationship between exchange rate, interest rate and financial performance. As the exchange rate and interest rate rose, the return on assets reduced. The study concluded that high interest rates have a negative effect on bank performance. It was recommended that banks should mitigate credit risks by using appropriate risk management strategies through forwards, futures, swaps, options, and insurance as well as securitization techniques.

The purpose of this study was to explore the living conditions of school children from broken homes in the Ga East Municipality and to assess its impact on their academic performance. This study was intended to examine the coping strategies of the children in handling their traumas of divorce. The descriptive survey design was adopted in this study. The purposive and snowball sampling techniques were used to select 60 children from schools and in various communities in the municipality to take part in the study. Questionnaires were used to collect primary data from these respondents. The study found that the living conditions of majority of the respondents were not good after the divorce of their parents. It also came to light that the academic performance of most of the respondents was either very good or good before the divorce but after the divorce, most of the respondents had poor or very poor academic performance. It was observed that most of the respondents coped with the challenges of the divorce by spending more time with friends at school or with their relatives. From the present study, it could be concluded that when children are not given a conducive environment at home to have enough time to study due to parental divorce, it can impact negatively on their academic performance.

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to discuss corporate governance in state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in Lesotho to influence policy debates.


Design/methodology/approach
This is a desktop study that used the qualitative research approach. For this research, the case study method has been adopted. In terms of orientation, this is descriptive research. Data were collected from three-tiered sources: independent publications (e.g. World Bank); government publications; and newspaper articles. Data analysis was in the form of document analysis.


Findings
The study concluded that there are instances of poor and/or bad governance in SOEs in Lesotho. Egregious examples include transgressing against the Public Financial Management Act (2011) and the failure to submit Audited Financial Results.


Research limitations/implications
The findings are limited to a specific case. Nonetheless, there are general lessons that can be drawn for African countries from the case study. A key general lesson is the imperative need to reconfigure the legal-institutional architecture of SOEs so that they create public value.


Practical implications
Other than cataloguing instances of poor and/or bad governance in SOEs in Lesotho, the paper goes further and accordingly makes policy recommendations to enhance corporate governance in SOEs in Lesotho.


Originality/value
There is no academic study on corporate governance in SOEs in Lesotho; therefore, there is a gap in the literature. Hence, the study makes an original contribution to the literature.

Purpose
There is wide acknowledgment that training people from all levels of an organization in process management activities and "process thinking" is a major contributor to the success or failure, and sustainability of business process management (BPM). BPM training is provided in almost all BPM initiatives and involves the investment of valuable financial, human, information and other resources. However, little research has focused on this area. As a result, there is a lack of guidance for organizations in conducting value adding BPM training. The purpose of this paper is to consolidate the current published knowledge on BPM training in the form of a descriptive literature review to paint a picture of the existing work, identify gaps and propose a program of work for the future.


Design/methodology/approach
A structured descriptive literature review was conducted to understand the current status of literature on training in the domain of BPM. Of an initial search of 90 publications, 64 publications, published between 1994 and 2015, were filtered and reviewed based on their relevance to answer the research question: What has BPM literature mentioned of training people for BPM? This study proposes a research agenda based on this. A grounded theory coding approach was employed, where NVivo 10 was used as a tool to support the analysis.


Findings
A total of 234 codes (representing emerging themes) were inductively identified from the data. These codes were further analyzed, resulting in eight core themes pertaining to training in the BPM context.


Research limitations/implications
The paper presents a vivid descriptive overview of the current status of research in BPM training identifying gaps in the literature and presents a research agenda which supports a call for action.


Originality/value
The paper is the first known of its kind to compile the status of literature focused on BPM training and recommend a research agenda based on such.

The study examined students' attitudes toward online learning classes introduced during the pandemic lockdown among students at the University of Lusaka. The study adopted a quantitative methodology with descriptive and comparative design methods. The study developed an attitude scale toward online learning and administered it to 1,542 students registered at the University of Lusaka. The data obtained from the scale were analyzed by using SPSS 26.0 package software. The study results show that students hold a negative attitude toward online learning, implying that they are more unlikely to accept online classes. The Pearson Chi-Square test statistics show that gender, age, work status, study mode and internet access significantly influenced students' attitudes toward online learning classes. The results are not encouraging regarding introducing online learning classes, especially for full-time and younger students. Therefore, we recommend that the introduction of online learning classes at the University of Lusaka be approached with caution to students in the full-time learning mode without neglecting the importance of face-to-face learning. Implications of this research are relevant to educational interventions, academic achievement, and technological advancement concerning university students.

The present study investigated the factors affecting rural households' livelihood diversification in southern parts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Data was collected from 389 sampled respondents through a stratified random sampling technique from four Tehsils of District Bannu and Lakki Marwat. For data collection, a semi-structured questionnaire and face-to-face interview schedule method were used; descriptive statistics and a binary logistic regression model were used for analysis purposes. The study finding indicates that the majority, 72 percent of the respondents, had diversified their livelihood income sources due to climatic conditions, limited income, and large family size in the study area. The binary logistic regression result also shows the co-efficient of sampled respondents' age (.048), education (.088), family size (.168), earning members (.364), land irrigation status (2.915), and climate change (4.009) had a positive relationship with livelihood income source diversification. Finally, it is recommended that the farm size in the study area could have been bigger, resulting in more diversification due to limited resources. Therefore, it is suggested that the government should chalk out formal entrepreneurship programs for the local community to work more productively. It also needs to emphasize community-level irrigation development to increase livelihood diversification in the study area.

This study aimed to determine the effect of classroom learning environment on students' academic performance in Mathematics subject in public day Schools in Rwanda: A case of Musanze district. The study has a correlational research design, with both quantitative and qualitative research. The target population of the study consisted of education officers in the area, including students, teachers and school headmasters. Therefore, the total number of population was 1,600. A sample size of 320 respondents was selected using random sampling techniques. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. Data analysis was supported by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the classroom learning environment (r=0.714, p=0.000) was positively and significantly correlated with students' academic performance. This correlation was also statistically significant as the p-value was less than 5%. In conclusion, the study provided recommendations to improve students' academic performance. The study recommends that the management of schools should frequently visit classrooms to assess participation, involvement, and understanding of the students and offer support to those teachers who lack the competencies required to improve the learning situation and environment in mathematics classrooms due to the size of the class.

The relevance of this study is due to the need to study the nature and characteristics of the socio-economic processes that took place in small settlements of the Yakut region at the end of the 19th – beginning of the 20th centuries. Many people in Yakutia lived in small villages, lost in the taiga, on the bends of rivers and alas. If in the central regions of the Russian Empire there was a rapid development of capitalism, then on its outskirts, if there were changes, they were in nascent forms. The purpose of this study is to study the changes that took place in the village of Bolshoi Patom, Olyokminsky district. To achieve this goal, we set ourselves the following tasks: to study archival material – census records of the First General Census of 1897 and the Agricultural Census of 1917; analyze the changes taking place in the village; establish the size, national composition, and activities of the population; identify the features of socio-economic processes that occurred over the 20 years between censuses. We used the following methods: the principle of historicism, the descriptive method, historical-comparative analysis, when studying census forms, we used the statistical method.

The idea that organisational culture influences service quality, which, in turn, has an effect on both clients and employees, has gained extensive recognition in both academia and organisational practice. This study investigates the influence of organisational culture on service quality in private hospitals in Ghana. A positive organisational culture is significant for every firm as it increases employee commitment and impacts their performance (Fitria, 2018). The study adopted a mixed-methods approach using both qualitative and quantitative data. This study was carried out on a sample of 367 participants using a simple random sampling approach, and 15 participants were selected using a purposive sampling method from selected private hospitals located in Accra, Ghana. The study collected data electronically using both questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The psychometric properties (validity and reliability) were statistically evaluated using factor analysis and Cronbach's coefficient alpha, respectively. The quantitative data was evaluated using both descriptive and inferential statistics, and the qualitative data was examined using thematic analyses. There were high perceptions of organisational culture (involvement, consistency, adaptability, and mission) and service quality (reliability, assurance, tangibles, empathy, and responsiveness). This study specifies that there is no significant relationship between organisational culture and service quality in the context of private hospitals in Ghana.

This research aims to find out contribution management park play to activity physique children and teenager. Method research used _ on study This is study with type descriptive literature review. Study This choose article and combine a number of results appropriate research _ with title research that has been set by researcher. The article will have analyzed and in accordance with title study is effect park play to promotion activity physique on children and teenager. Data collection using gathering article research that has been published and in accordance with the theme will be discussed in Playground Management _ To Activity Physique Children and Teenagers. Technique deep data analysis study This use technique analysis method analytic that is through a data analysis process or information with give argumentation through think logical and the next one taken something conclusion. The results of data collection obtained 10 articles with quartiles Q 1 and Q2. Based on results interpretation of existing cause and effect data be included of 10 all articles _ discuss linkages between park play with activity physique children and teenager. So it can be concluded that the park plays very important and No can have separated with world children and teenager for still do activity physical.