Suchergebnisse

The discipline of Transition Design, or design for transition, is concerned with designing systemic strategies aimed at medium-term futures, to address what can be described as complex and interconnected issues that exist on multiple levels of a system. According to Irwin Transition design turns its attention towards two fundamental concepts: (a) the idea that entire societies will face a transition towards sustainable futures, and (b) the realisation that this will involve changes at a systemic level, triggered necessarily by a deep understanding of the anatomy and dynamics of complexity. The Transition design framework includes a set of practices and knowledge derived from other disciplines and integrated into its principles, and envisages a mediating role for design itself, to facilitate multilevel and multistage socio-technical transitions. The second part of the paper addresses and proposes a comparison between transition and systemic product design, to highlight new virtuous practices also in a more traditional design framework. For Scupelli the approach to design and complex problem solving of transition design fulfill two conditions: (a) they are used for the transition to a more sustainable society; (b) the understanding of the interconnectedness of social, political and natural systems is aimed at improving the quality of life. Products designed through this new methodology must fulfill the role of potential catalysts for transitions, and it is assumed that these can be translated into the development of further innovative products that reflect the characteristics of the new and emerging socio-technical system; this requires a transformation in design thinking to give importance to the concept of durability, the temporal dimension of the product and new value propositions. The last part of the paper aims at comparing the curricula of the School of Design of Politecnico di Milano and Carnegie Mellon University and in particular at taking a workshop course of the latter as a case study.

Ten packaging designers were tested on three specially developed tests which required them to analyze various design situations and to construct a conceptual drawing of the equipment configuration according to design specifications. Five human factors specialists were also tested on several sub-test items. Designers appear to have little or no interest in human factors criteria or information and usually fail to consider human factors in their designs. Their analysis of design requirements is minimal and shallow. Human factors personnel reacted in a manner similar to designers in terms of overall design criteria.

The goal in design is to plan and create artifacts, including objects, communication, and services. These are meant to be used or applied in an unknown future. Therefore, design is part of a process shaping the future, yet implications are rarely considered and become blind spots. The essay is a pledge to integrate the concept of futures and foresight methododology into the education of designers to give them a better understanding of how to deal with change and uncertainty. It may increase designers' sensitivity of the impact their work may have in the future and push their creativity by broadening their view looking at different future scenarios. The essay starts by presenting the facets that design encompasses, putting it into a historical context, and explaining some educational concepts. Ultimately, the author suggests a didactic approach that she has applied in a futures studies introductory course for graduate students of architecture at the Münster School of Architecture (MSA) in Germany. It is based mainly on practice-oriented exercises and assignments. This includes an approach based on the author's approach to combine the generic design process used in research through design – involving the phases of analysis, projection and synthesis (APS) – with the concept of futures and tools used in foresight methodology.

Cover -- Contents -- CHAPTER 1 -- Design Matters for Public Managers -- Paradise lost: tales from the trenches -- The strange history of the ICS: a cautionary tale -- Theoretical interlude -- Paradise regained: there is an alternative -- Technomagic -- The sociology of magic -- Magical thinking and the ICS -- Design - the rescue remedy -- CHAPTER 2 -- Managing, Designing and Public Sector Reform -- Historical prologue -- (Re)enter the manager-as-designer -- The reform of public services -- New Public Management -- NPM and managerialism: RIP? -- Managing to improve public services -- Public Sector Reform: designing services for public value -- Design in the Big Society -- Grass-roots innovation -- A case study from the trenches -- Theoretical coda: design as bricolage, leaders as tricksters -- CHAPTER 3 -- The Knowledge-Base of Design -- Evidence-based management - the very idea! -- Examples: Goal setting theory and IT strategic alignment -- Sociotechnical design -- Principles of sociotechnical design -- Two examples of STSD -- Post-script: STSD and the ICS -- Soft Systems Methodology -- Systems thinking - Senge and Seddon -- Borrowing from software engineering: user-centred design -- Homo Faber and the abundance of technique -- CHAPTER 4 -- Design in Action -- IT - commodity or competitive weapon? -- Business Process Reengineering -- BPR in the public sector -- Redesigning public services: A tale of two cities -- A brief history of the GMAS computer project -- Evaluation -- Comparisons with LAS: management lessons -- Epilogue -- SPRINT: a design and innovation methodology -- An overview of SPRINT -- Case Studies -- Reflections on innovation at Salford: a curate's egg -- Small is beautiful -- CHAPTER 5 -- Implications for Education, Research and Policy -- Learning design and building organisational capacity.

Front Matter -- Half Title Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Illustration -- Preface -- Introduction -- Part One: Urban Design, Planning, and Architecture -- From Desert Architecture to Community Planning in Acre -- Directing Urban Design and Planning in Tel Aviv -- Part Two: Use Plans: Controversies Big and Small -- Planning and Building from Israel's Early Days to the Present -- Hearing Objections under Israel's Planning and Building Law -- Part Three: Community Development and Planning -- Community Organizing and Neighborhood Planning in Jerusalem -- Neighborhood Planning in Jerusalem -- Program Building and Reconciliation in East Jerusalem -- Part Four: Making City Planning Work -- Learning and Practicing the Politics of Planning -- Urban Design in the Shadows of Politics -- Planning in an Arab Municipality -- Part Five: Health Planning -- HIV/AIDS Planning and Education in the Ethiopian Immigrant Community -- Public Health, Epidemiology, and Planning in the west Bank and Gaza -- Part Six: Policy Analysis and Planning -- The Development of Environmental Planning in Israel -- Planning in the Housing Ministry -- Economic Analysis in Urban Planning -- Part Seven: National, Regional and Urban Planning: The Long View from the Top -- A Visionary Planner -- Directing the Division of National and Regional Plans -- Being Director of Planning in the Ministry of Housing and Building -- Back Matter -- Conclusion -- References -- Index -- Back Cover.