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Annotation: This article covers international gender budgeting practices as a strategy for gender integration. Analyzed good practices provide evidence base for gender budgeting to be a tool for improving people's living conditions, increasing of economic development and effective use of countries resources. Gender budgeting is considered as one of the approaches that helps effectively manage state finances. Gender budgeting is a component of global good governance. This technology in combination with other initiatives may ensure implementation of Ukraine's commitments on achieving gender equality goals as well as mainstream gender state policy. ; BUDŻETOWANIE GENDER JAKO INSTRUMENT OSIĄGNIĘCIA RÓWNOŚCI GENDER NA UKRAINIE Tetiana Ivanina zdobywca Katedry Politologii i Administracji Publicznej Wschodnioeuropejskiego Uniwersytetu Narodowego imienia Łesi Ukrainki, (Łuck, Ukraina) filmira@ukr.net Adnotacja. W artykule poruszono problematykę budżetowania gender jako strategii wprowadzenia równości gender na przykładzie światowym. Zaznacza się, iż budżetowanie gender sprzyja ulepszeniu jakości usług dla ludności, podwyższeniu rozwoju gospodarczego oraz wydajnemu wykorzystaniu istniejących zasobów. Jest rozpatrywane jako jedno z podejść, sprzyjające wydajnemu zarządzaniu finansami państwowymi. Budżetowanie gender jest komponentem procesu politycznego na świecie. Ta technologia w połączeniu z innymi inicjatywami może zapewnić realizację zobowiązań Ukrainy w zakresie osiągnięcia celów równości gender i wprowadzenia aspektów gender w procesie politycznym. Słowa kluczowe: gender, budżet, proces polityczny, budżet państwowy, analiza gender. ҐЕНДЕРНЕ БЮДЖЕТУВАННЯ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ ДОСЯГНЕННЯ ҐЕНДЕРНОЇ РІВНОСТІ В УКРАЇНІ Тетяна Іваніна здобувач кафедри політології та державного управління Східноєвропейського національного університету імені Лесі Українки, (Луцьк, Україна) Анотація. У статті йдеться про ґендерне бюджетування як стратегію впровадження ґендерної рівності на прикладі країн світу. Зазначається, що ґендерне ...

Review of the monograph T. Vlasova, I. Grabovska, Y. Galytska "The actual gender: the international and Ukrainian context". Kyiv: Millenium, 2018. - 132 p.

The problem of transformation of feminist ideologies, peculiarities of formation of gender discourse in postmodern culture, development of gender practices, peripheries of formation of gender system of Ukrainian society are the most urgent, but not all issues which are professionally, convincingly and interestingly considered by the authors of the monograph. Everyone who reads the text will be forced to conclude that the new principles of gender socialization formed in Western culture, which provoked a change in the gender order of postmodern societies, are now actively penetrating into our culture and establishing it, changing the traditional gender structure of Ukrainian society.

The article analyzes various aspects of gender equality which are stipulated in legislation regulating labour relationship. The author aims to research various aspects of discrimination by gender in labour relations, to identify and analyze the major problems which prevent counteraction to gender discrimination in labour law. One of the main priorities in development of Ukrainian legislation is to ensure gender equality not only in labour relations but also in other spheres of public life. That is why persons who enter labour relationship expect the state to ensure the principle of equality which prohibits discrimination. For better understanding of the problem the article provides a short theoretical analysis of the problem as well as lists national and international legislation which nowadays ensures equality of rights based on gender. The author also the draft law of a new Labour Code which is not under consideration of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine but is still important to be researched from historical perspective. In order to analyze the compliance with principle of equality in labour law the article has analyzed various types pf labour relationship between the employer and the employee or a future employee. The author also investigates pre-labour relationship which is undergoing the interview and advertisement (placement of vacancies). It is essential to mention that the article has also analyzed the means for ensuring the principle of equality in labour relationship by the state. It is noteworthy to state that important and actual problems which should be solved and regulated have been identified during such kind of an analysis. In conclusion the author, first, focuses on relations which are not sufficiently regulated and provides alternative options for solution of these problems and, second, mentions the relationship which should be regulated by dispositive method to keep the freedom of choice for the employer and employee. At the same time the author realizes that the list of problems is not ...

Numerous Czech studies have been conducted on how the education system reproduces inequalities. While most of them have dealt with the reproduction of class inequalities, relatively few have focused on the reproduction of gender inequalities. In this article, the authors apply a conceptual understanding of the category of gender to research on education, an approach that avoids both universalising the category of woman, as well as the opposite extreme of individualisation. We claim that female students, even though they differ among themselves in various social and personal ways, are serialised as women by institutions in the education system. They are expected to perform differently, with different motivations, their performance is valued differently and they are expected to follow different professions than male students. The paper focuses in detail on the gendered nature of educational institutions, both in terms of the gender segregation of fi elds and levels of study, as well as in terms of the importance of the interaction that occurs during the processes of teaching and ascribing value and significance to the performance of male and female students. The authors argue that education, generally expected to function as a social ladder and a route to better-paid jobs in the labour market, serves men and women in segregated ways.

According to the Global Gender Gap Report 2019, Ukraine ranked 65 place among 149 countries on its progress towards gender parity in four dimensions: Economic Participation and Opportunity (97 place), Educational Attainment, Health and Survival and Political Empowerment. The most topical problems of gender inequality in Ukraine today are: the problem of violence (90% of domestic violence victims are women), the pay gap (women in Ukraine are paid on average 25-30% less than men), minority in power (in the Ukrainian parliament only 20% of women, in the parliament of the previous convocation 12%) and gender stereotypes. Most of the problems of gender inequality are based on gender stereotypes, which form barriers for women to enter politics, non-interference of the police to family relations in case of committing crimes with domestic violence, etc. Gender stereotypes are supported by society and broadcasted through the media, in particular advertising. That actualizes the study of advertising in the context of the gender (in) equality formation. The aim of the paper is to consider advertising as a tool for the gender (in) equality formation. To achieve the aim it was necessary to solve the following tasks: to investigate the theoretical and practical foundations of the study of advertising as a tool for the gender (in) equality formation, to analyze the problem of sexism and violence in advertising. Methods: gender analysis and synthesis in order to consider the theoretical foundations of advertising research as a tool for gender (in) equality, case study of advertising practices in Ukraine in accordance with the Advertising Standards of Non-Discrimination on Gender basis, secondary analysis of data "Women's Welfare and Security" 2019 to demonstrate the high level of violence against women in Ukraine, the prevalence of psychological violence associated with gender inequality in general and gender stereotyping of society in particular. Conclusions. The paper further develops the concept of gender in advertising on ...