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Cet article datant de l'an 2000 proposait un survol visionnaire de la façon dont des media alors émergeants aux débuts de l'internet questionnaient la prémisse identifiant le succès d'un média avec la maximisation chiffrée de son audience. L'auteur passe en revue des « media intimes », des « media socialisés », des « media souverains » et des « media phatiques » pour dépasser les idées héritées du XX e siècle sur l'utilité et la qualité des mass-médias.

Television has become the daily company of nine out of ten Russians. The media that emerged during perestroika first seemed a tool of democratization and modernization. However, journalists who had been united only by their common opposition to the communist regime, have not been able to find the means to become an independent force, in a position to counterbalance the political power. The profession has therefore been unable to resist the pressure from the new authorities. President Putin has imposed his law and, since 2000, television has clearly contributed to the effort of the regime to convey an image of stability, unity and patriotism. A few timid attempts have been trying to introduce some analysis and reflection through entertainment programs. However, the atmosphere is today that of a Potemkin village. The president and his inner circle do not see the problem, quite the contrary. Adapted from the source document.

In France, the digital switch-over for television proceeded in a relatively timely and uncontested fashion, with appropriate support for disadvantaged households and an effective public awareness campaign. Digital licensing has also been generally perceived as transparent and fair. Media policy and regulation have also proved largely responsive and adequate to the challenges of digitization.However, the new government faces a plethora of loose ends in digital media policy. It remains to be seen whether public subsidies aimed at regenerating good-quality journalism in both print and online sectors have been effective; there is a significant shortfall in the funding of public service media as a result of their reduced advertising quotas, and the European Commission's rejection of a planned levy on telecoms; political support for traditional media in their plight against online giants such as Google may backfire if the latter carries out its threat to exclude their content; and public trust in the media is unlikely to be restored so long as entrenched links between political and media elites are maintained.