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Führung und Organisation sind komplexe Phänomene, die oftmals durch Metaphern beschrieben werden. Zunehmend interessieren sich Theorie und Praxis für ihre Verwendung. Wie sehen sich Führungskräfte selbst und wie werden sie von anderen metaphorisch beschrieben? Gängige Sprachbilder reichen vom Gärtner und Coach bis hin zum Macher oder Priester. Alle diese Bilder sollen helfen, die zugrunde liegende Sichtweise auf Führung und Organisation zu beschreiben und geben einen Einblick, wie Führung von unseren metaphorischen Weltbildern beeinflusst wird. Wenig Aufmerksamkeit erfuhren bisher kulturelle Unterschiede bei der Verwendung von Metaphern im Bereich Führung und Organisation. Wie können wir die verborgenen Metaphern, die unser Denken unterbewusst prägen, an die Oberfläche bringen? Wie können wir alte Metaphern der Führung in einer modernen und globalisierten Welt nutzen? Der vorliegende Band dokumentiert die zentralen Ergebnisse einer interdisziplinären Konferenz zu Metaphern und Führung, an der Wissenschaftler und Wissenschaftlerinnen aus Afrika, Asien, Europa und Nordamerika teilgenommen haben. Metaphors are used increasingly in leadership theory and leadership development. How do leaders view themselves and how are they seen by others in terms of metaphors? One can find a wide range described in publications and on coaching websites. They range from gardener and coach, to manager or priest. They all help describe the underlying view on leadership and give insight into how leadership is influenced by our metaphorical view of the world. However, little work has been done on describing the influence of cultural perspectives in metaphors used in the area of leadership and organisations. How can we bring to the surface the hidden metaphors that shape our thinking subconsciously? How can we utilise old metaphors of leadership in a new and globalised world? This volume documents the central results of an interdisciplinary conference on metaphors and leadership in which scientists from Africa, Asia, Europe and North America took part.

The topic that this paper seeks to touch on is: "A look at today's language of politics (Lexical-grammatical functions in particular)". We have focused on some of its most essential features, some of its key functions, and a broader look at the real, tangible values, new and latest semantic developments of the political lexicon. Initially, the paper aims to present some theoretical definitions on the concept of political lexicon in foreign and Albanian linguistics, mainly based on German, American and Albanian literature, such as: Orwell, Lucas or Samara, Duro, Kostallari, Lloshi, Thomai, etc. A broad overview is given to the main linguistic figure operating in politics, to the metaphor and also "contradicto in adiecto", as a linguistic tool with the value of a micro text, i.e. a first formal contradiction in terminis, when expressed simultaneously and for the same two concepts and two judgments that exclude each other, which is extremely used by politicians. The aim of the paper is to discover the real function and that of appearance that permeates speeches and slogans of politics, otherwise known as the element of their indeterminacy. In this paper we have tried to raise as a problem the need for a scientific and fair conception of the political lexicon. The role of the masters of the Albanian word (including politicians, writers, linguists, orators, statesmen, journalists, analysts, etc.) who with their works and writings, have delivered and enriched the political lexicon should be properly appreciated. They have special merits in the semantic elaboration of the content and nuances of the political lexicon of literary Albanian. They have used the words of this lexicon in certain syntagmatic and paradigmatic connections (polysemous, synonymous and antonymous), constructing beautiful figures with expressive-emotional character. Some of the problems of semasiological character are treated in this paper, such as the origin (derivation) of new meanings and nuances in the present time, as well as its types, can be ...

The term information has been known for centuries with many different definitions and interpretations in use. But there is still lack of commonly accepted one and the question what actually stands for the term information is open. This is why some new concepts appear. Among them, the approach based on the analysis of its properties and functions enables better understanding of the phenomenon of information. In the literature one can find a suggestion that the concept of metaphor can be useful in this ap-proach. The main aim of the paper is to give some examples of such metaphors called information metaphors, showing simultaneously their role in explaining some features of information by comparison to other concepts used in daily lives.

AbstractFlexibility at various levels of management is desirable to manage organizational change effectively. Flexibility is a multidimensional concept and might have multiple connotations. Some of the significant connotations of flexibility have been explained in this paper with the help of suitable metaphors so as to gain better understanding of the characteristics of flexibility for effective change management. Each connotation is also represented by a sketch to illusirate the metaphor. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The form of the sentence, as it is understood in contemporary semantics and linguistics, is functional. This paper interprets the metaphors in which Frege shows what the functional sentence means, arguing that Frege's sentence is neither an adequate translation of natural language nor of use in feminist theorizing.

Volunteer content moderators are essential to the social media ecosystem through the roles they play in managing and supporting online social spaces. Recent work has described moderation primarily as a functional process of actions that moderators take, such as making rules, removing content, and banning users. However, the nuanced ways in which volunteer moderators envision their roles within their communities remain understudied. Informed by insights gained from 79 interviews with volunteer moderators from three platforms, we present a conceptual map of the territory of social roles in volunteer moderation, which identifies five categories with 22 metaphorical variants that reveal moderators' implicit values and the heuristics that help them make decisions. These metaphors more clearly enunciate the roles volunteer moderators play in the broader social media content moderation apparatus and can drive purposeful engagement with volunteer moderators to better support the ways they guide and shape their communities.

AbstractWhat is our purpose as mediators? How do our thoughts and actions further our purpose?

International audience ; The article addresses the analysis of time images furnished by a qualitative research made in Spain on the relations of working time and family/personal time. The analysis focuses on three widespread time metaphors used in day-to-day speeches by social agents. The first one is the metaphor of time as resource for action. Its value is equally economical, moral and political. Used in different context of action, it may mean something that can be either invested, donated generously to others, appropriated for caring for oneself, or spent without purpose with others. The second metaphor represents time as an external environment to which action must adapt. This metaphor shows many variants that represent time as a dynamic/static, repetitive/innovative, ordered/chaotic environment. In this external environment, the agents must resolve the problems of temporal embeddedness, hierarchy and synchronization of their actions. The third metaphor shows time as a horizon of action intentionality where the agents try to construct the meaning of their action and identity. Within this horizon the construction of a significant narrative connecting past and present experiences with future expectations is possible.