Suchergebnisse

The paper probes into labor migration policies and the evolution of discourses nested in these policies as endorsements of diaspora philanthropy. It reviews government policies on labor migration and diaspora philanthropy and makes sense of the contents of these policies through frame and discourse analyses. Neoliberalism permeates Philippine migration policy-making, positions Filipino labor migration as a crucial national development strategy, and diaspora philanthropy as its byproduct. The "OFWs as Modern-day Heroes Frame" powers and sustains diaspora philanthropy through volunteering, fund-raising, and other practices, to help promote local development. State sponsorship may help explain diaspora philanthropy despite the deterritorialized nature of the phenomenon, which, in turn, appears to contribute to nation-building.

In the absence of an international migration regime, the rising salience of migration issues and the limits of unilateral policies led the European Union to seek appropriate venues for co-operation with the sending and transit countries of migrants. Many of the newer relevant multilateral or regional venues are soft law frameworks. Conversely, trade agreements provide a formal, hard law instrument for inserting migration clauses. Based on a quantitative analysis of EU trade agreements and expert interviews, this article investigates how far the EU is engaging in strategic issue-linkage when including migration clauses in its trade agreements. Testing hypotheses derived from ration- alist and institutionalist approaches, it thereby provides an empirical test of its acclaimed identity as 'trade power' or 'market power'.

Анализируются вопросы миграции трудовых ресурсов на примере Республики Казахстан. Автором выделены следующие их виды: постоянный, циклический, маятниковый, эпизодический. Наряду с этим автором рассмотрены такие факторы миграции трудовых ресурсов, как демографические, национальные, природно-климатические, социальные. Также выделено, что на формирование трудовой миграции оказывают свое влияние экономические, демографические, правовые и политические условия. ; The article discusses the questions of the labour force migration by studying the case of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The author highlights the following types of the labour migration: constant, cyclic, pendulum, and episodic. Besides, the author considers such labour migration factors as: demographic, national, natural and climatic, and social. It is emphasized that the formation of the labor migration is influenced by economic, demographic, legal and political conditions.

AbstractIn the absence of an international migration regime, the rising salience of migration issues and the limits of unilateral policies led the European Union to seek appropriate venues for co‐operation with the sending and transit countries of migrants. Many of the newer relevant multilateral or regional venues are soft law frameworks. Conversely, trade agreements provide a formal, hard law instrument for inserting migration clauses. Based on a quantitative analysis of EU trade agreements and expert interviews, this article investigates how far the EU is engaging in strategic issue‐linkage when including migration clauses in its trade agreements. Testing hypotheses derived from rationalist and institutionalist approaches, it thereby provides an empirical test of its acclaimed identity as 'trade power' or 'market power'.

The paper assesses the costs and household level benefits of migrating overseas from Bangladesh. We survey households who have had overseas migrants to assess their characteristics compared to non-migrants. We also compute various types of migration and remittance related transaction costs and discuss the channels by which overseas migration is financed, remittances sent and the constraints faced by the poorest. Using the Propensity Score Matching method to address household level selection bias, the paper finds that overseas migration conveys substantial benefits to families as measured by household consumption, use of modern agricultural inputs, and the level of household savings. We also offer some possible policy directions to strengthen the returns from migration as well as reduce some of the costs.

The purpose of this study is to explore and assess the costs and benefits of labour migration in Armenia and the potential of migration for contributing to the country's development. We also examine how policy can be effectively formulated and implemented so that Armenia can get the most out of its migration experience. Lastly, we analyse how a phenomenon that emerged because of limited opportunities for employment - migration - evolved into a strategy towards development and prosperity. Based on this analysis, this paper makes a strong argument in favour of implementing programs in Armenia that involve the active collaboration of government institutions and the Armenian Diaspora, duly considering the unusual influence the latter has on Armenia's economic and human development.

Migration into Mauritania from the south is composed of the following highly volatile and confluent channels: 1) pendular border crossings of the Senegal River from neighbouring regions in Senegal and Mali, which may be daily or itinerant for traders, and seasonal or longer-term for those seeking employment; these migrations also incorporate southern Mauritanians moving northwards to urban areas; 2) labour migration from further afield in West Africa, linked historically to fishing and mineral-led growth; 3) intended migration to Europe from West and Central Africa, including people who head directly to the coast to depart for the Canary Islands, or "step-wise" migrants who will seek informal employment to fund the onward journey; 4) refugees.

AbstractWith the escalation of skilled international migration since the late 1980s, the subject matter has emerged similarly as a growing field of academic inquiry. Nevertheless, while the relocation of skilled workers has become prevalent with globalisation, accounts of such migration continue to be narrowly focused on several themes. In contrast, by concentrating on mainland Chinese professionals, this essay will seek to describe the intricacies of skilled migration. Furthermore, as it has developed into a middle class phenomenon, skilled international migration must be evaluated from a highly contextualised framework. Consequently, as it has declared its objective to become a talent centre, Singapore is an ideal case concerning the processes in the recruitment, production and employment of skilled international labour.

Abstract.  I examine the determinants of inter‐state migration of adults within western Germany, using the German Socio‐Economic Panel from 1984–2000. Migrants who do not change employers represent one‐fifth of all migrants and have higher education and pre‐move wages than non‐migrants. Skilled workers thus have a low‐cost migration avenue that has not been considered in the previous literature. Other migrants are heterogeneous and not unambiguously more skilled than non‐migrants. I confirm that long‐distance migrants are more skilled than short‐distance migrants, as predicted by theory, and I show that return migrants are a mix of successes and failures. Most repeat migration is return migration. JEL classification: J6

AbstractDo Caribbean Basin states influence U.S. immigration policy? Although the terrorist attacks of September 2001 eventually derailed migration talks, before that time Mexico and the United States appeared poised to negotiate a major bilateral agreement, largely on Mexico's terms. Drawing on 88 detailed interviews conducted with Mexican and other Caribbean Basin elites, this article examines sending-state preferences for emigration and their capacity to influence policy outcomes. The informants considered migration to be the most problematic issue on the bilateral agenda, but also saw migration policy as relatively open to source-state influence. A case study of Mexican emigration policymaking details the national and transnational changes that make migration increasingly an inter-mestic policy issue.

This article examines the relationship between regional development and labor migration to the United States in the context of NAFTA. The article develops two principal arguments. first, the current migration process between Mexico and the United States is not only the result of push­ pull economic factors, as is generally assumed, but also the result of well-developed social networks and the implementation of U.S. and Mexican government policies as manifested by the formation of a number of "transnational communities. This observation leads to a second and related argument: the additional job creation resulting from NAFTA will not necessarily stem the international migration flows from regions with a long tradition of migration to the United States.

Der Beitrag befasst sich mit klassischen und aktuellen Fremdheitstheorien bzw. der Figur des Fremden (z.B. bei Simmel, Schütz, Elias, Bauman, Tibi, in der Ethno-Psychoanalyse von Devereux und Erdheim) und bezieht deren Erkenntnisse auf die aktuelle Situation und Diskussion um Migration und ihre Folgen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Es wird u.a. deutlich, dass die "Ausländerproblematik" zu einem beträchtlichen Teil als Problem der "Inländer" gesehen werden kann und dass jeder "Fremdanalyse" eine kritisch-reflexive "Selbstanalyse" (der eigenen intrapsychischen Gefühle und ihrer Verarbeitung bei der Erforschung der Fremdheit) durch den Forscher vorauszugehen hat. Dies hätte, so das Fazit des Autors, auch eine Änderung herrschender verhaltenswissenschaftlicher Denktechniken in der Migrations- bzw. Fremdheitsforschung zur Folge. (ICA2)

This paper analyses the mobility practices of forced migrants within the European border regime. It investigates the relation between the control and management mechanisms of migration and the attempts of forced migrants to move freely, crisscrossing territorial and juridical borders in Europe. The paper focuses on the experiences of a group of forced migrants, who, after escaping the war in Libya, obtained humanitarian protection in Italy, but because of the current precarious socio-economic conditions in Southern Europe, decided to leave for North European countries. A group settled in Berlin, which gave rise to a protest claiming the right to stay and work against what is foreseen by European Union law. This paper draws on ethnographic work to show the tension between individual desires and practices of free mobility and the structural and juridical constraints implemented by institutions in order to control it and contain it. Focusing on this (im)mobility highlights the internal borders of Europe and how they are continuously challenged by migrant subjects. Three different kinds of mobility emerge across the European space: mobility within national territory, infranational mobility, and "commuting-mobility". In this way, migrant subjects create new geographies and experience the whole European territory as one place: living in Berlin, renewing documents in Milan, attending education courses in Turin, and working seasonally in Sicily or Apulia. Such mobilities are supported by networks of migrants, who continuously move, and their supporters. This suggests a process of "Europeanisation from below" that continuously challenges EU internal borders.