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Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of cultural positions on the choice of entry mode in foreign direct investment (FDI) – joint ventures vs wholly owned subsidiaries. The paper focusses on the impact of cultural positions along four cultural dimensions, as well as on the interactions between these positions and FDI's contextual variables (i.e. linguistic differences).Design/methodology/approach– A fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis is performed on a data set of Spanish investments located in the European Union.Findings– Existence of interaction effects among cultural positions along different dimensions, as well as between cultural positions and FDI's contextual variables.Research limitations/implications– Main limitations relate to the data set, as only FDIS carried out by big corporations and coming from a single country are considered.Practical implications– Managers making decisions on the choice of entry mode must take into account the position relative to each individual cultural dimension, as well as its interaction with other cultural dimensions and FDI's contextual variables, rather than just considering cultural distances (CDs) between countries.Originality/value– First, focus on cultural positions (rather than CDs). It allows taking into account both the cultural characteristics of each party and their relative values along individual cultural dimensions. Second, development of a qualitative analysis that considers the contextual features of the investment.

Intro -- Introduction -- Contents -- Philosophical Settings of Socio-Economic Development in the 21st Century -- Electronic-Digital Smart Contracts: Modernization of Legal Tools for Foreign Economic Activity -- Abstract -- 1 Materials -- 2 Methods -- 3 Introduction -- 4 Legal Problems in Foreign Economic Activity and the Main Directions of Their Neutralization -- 5 Doctrinal Interpretations of the Legal Nature of Smart Contracts in Russia and Abroad -- 6 Advantages of Using Smart Contracts in Foreign Trade Activities -- 7 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- The Factor Model Study of the Development of Economic Systems -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- References -- Digitalization as a Method to Enhance the Mechanism of Procedural Protection of Civil and Financial Rights -- Abstract -- References -- Circadian Genes: Information and Legal Issues -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Establishing a Context -- 1.2 Literature Review -- 1.3 Establishing a Research Gap -- 1.4 Purpose of the Research -- 2 Methodological Framework -- 2.1 Research Methods -- 2.2 Research Background -- 2.3 Research Stages -- 3 Results and Discussions -- 3.1 General Features of Legal Regulation of Information -- 3.2 The Application of the Trade Secret (Know-How) Legal Regime for Regulation of Genomic Research Findings -- 3.3 The Application of Database Legal Regime for Regulation of Genomic Research Findings -- 4 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Strategic Priorities of Digitalization of the Russian Economy -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodology -- 3 Results -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Digitalization of Labor Relations in Agribusiness: Prospects of Legal Regulation and Labor Rights Protection -- Abstract -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methodological Framework -- 3 Results -- 4 Discussions -- 5 Conclusion -- References.

THIS article attempts to relate some of the ideas put forward by Professor Hans Morgenthau in his Politics Amongst Nations (New York, 1949) to the world position of South Africa, and then essays some more general reflections on the Republic's external situation today.Such a study should normally begin with an historical introduction, but South Africa's recent history is, perhaps, well enough known for this to be dispensed with, and for my present purposes it will suffice to recall that South Africa was recognised as a sovereign state after World War I, when she was a separate signatory of the Treaty of Versailles and of the League Covenant. There were, of course, constitutional developments after that which led first to the weakening and then to the breaking of the Commonwealth tie, but this did not affect South Africa's formal relations with foreign states. Her relationship with Britain was of great but decreasing importance; but from the standpoint of other powers this importance was political rather than constitutional, for South Africa could be influenced through the British connexion much as Panama can be influenced through the U.S.A.1

This article presents a modern interpretation of the concept of "geoeconomic situation" as applied to one of the most important centers of the Baltic region - the St. Petersburg agglomeration. The coastal location of the agglomeration and close connections with the Leningrad region make it possible to consider the Saint Petersburg coastal region (Baltic Area) as a whole. The article sets out not only to verify, confirm, and explain the features of the geoeconomic position of the coastal region, but also to describe the contiguous geoeconomic space. The position of the St. Petersburg coastal region is of crucial importance for ensuring a steady growth of regional economy, the propagation of industrialization impulses, and modernization in the heart of Russian Northwestern macroregion. At the same time, the specific features of the region's geoeconomic position magnify the "inherited" ad acquired effects of focal industrialization and space polarization, which creates additional prerequisites for the inversion of the Russian economic space - "Russia of the physical space" and "the economic space of Russia". The study uses traditional methodology of economic geography (the territorial, cluster, and spatial approaches) and the geoeconomic approach developed by the authors. The article also addresses recent findings in regional economy and spatial studies. It is aimed at the development of the geoeconomic paradigm in the framework of social geography and that of spatial science. An analysis of the geoeconomic position and the developing spatial relations can be of interest for researchers of geographic clusters, agglomerations, and such cross-border forms of cooperation, as growth triangles, for example.