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As the Chinese government has clearly put forward the development of civil&ndash ; military integration (CMI) as a national strategy, civilian manufacturing enterprises entering the military products market (CMEE-MPM) can effectively improve China&rsquo ; s national defense science and technology capabilities and can also be an effective way for enterprises to enhance their sustainable development capabilities. However, due to the high standards and strict requirements of the national defense industry for supplier review, civilian manufacturing enterprises must evaluate their CMEE-MPM capabilities. In this study, a new evaluation and consideration model is proposed. Enterprises that plan to enter the military product market can use this model to evaluate their own CMEE-MPM capabilities. The evaluation model framework is composed of three successive parts: constructing an evaluation indicator system according to experts and enterprise experiences, calculating the weight of the indicators using an analytical hierarchy process (AHP), and evaluating CMEE-MPM capabilities using the method of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. Finally, this study verifies the feasibility of the application of the above model by measuring the capabilities of a civilian manufacturing enterprise that wants to enter the military products market in Harbin, China. The results show that the indicator system constructed in this paper can effectively evaluate CMEE-MPM capabilities. The findings of this research can be used as a reference for the decision making of civilian manufacturing enterprises regarding whether or not to enter the military products market, and then promote the sustainable development of enterprises.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the extent to which participation in a county-wide prevention program leads to improvements in protective factors associated with child abuse prevention (CAP) and whether improvements in measured protective factors relate to decreased odds of child abuse. Method: Using multilevel growth modeling, our analyses focus on an economically poor, culturally diverse sample of 1,184 mothers who maintained their involvement in the program for at least 6 months. Results: Our results support a limited association between program participation and improvements in maternal protective factors. Nevertheless, pursuant to the working theory of many CAP programs, improvements in maternal social support and mental health, when evident, were significantly associated with reduced odds of child abuse. Conclusion: More robustly specified interventions and supports are needed to enhance outcomes for the majority of families targeted by the program, including those who present the greatest vulnerability for child abuse.

With the pressure of population growth and environmental pollution, it is particularly important to develop and utilize water resources more rationally, safely, and efficiently. Due to safety concerns, the government today adopts a pessimistic method, single factor assessment, for the evaluation of domestic water quality. At the same time, however, it is impossible to grasp the timely comprehensive pollution status of each area, so effective measures cannot be taken in time to reverse or at least alleviate its deterioration. Thus, the main propose of this paper is to establish a comprehensive evaluation model of water quality, which can provide the managers with timely information of water pollution in various regions. After considering various evaluation methods, this paper finally decided to use the fuzzy support vector machine method (FSVM) to establish the model that is mentioned above. The FSVM method is formed by applying the membership function to the support vector machine. However, the existing membership functions have some shortcomings, so after some improvements in these functions, a new membership function is finally formed. The model is then tested on the artificial data, UCI dataset, and water quality evaluation historical data. The results show that the improvement is meaningful, the improved fuzzy support vector machine has good performance, and it can deal with noise and outliers well. Thus, the model can completely solve the problem of comprehensive evaluation of water quality.

As governments promote greatly the Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) to develop the Public Rental Housing (PRH) projects, the effective and efficient operation performance measurement should be pivotal for ensuring the success and sustainable development of these projects. Thus, this paper investigated operation performance indicators (OPIs) and measured the performance level of PRH PPP projects by fuzzy-analytic hierarchy process (AHP) comprehensive evaluation (FACE) method. Four important aspects of PRH PPP projects related to the operation performance and an evaluation indicator system of 21 OPIs from these four aspects were developed, the weights of which were calculated by using the AHP method. Based on fuzzy mathematics and the expert evaluation method, all the OPIs were quantitatively graded according to five ranks of evaluation criteria. Membership functions, weights of OPIs, and maximum membership degree principle were utilized to establish a multi-level FACE model for operation performance measurement of PRH PPP projects. One PRH PPP project of Nanjing, Jiangsu Province in China was chosen as the case study. Evaluation results were derived from the proposed model, and they generally conform to the actual situation. This study provides an effective operation performance measurement framework for PRH PPPs projects.

As governments promote greatly the Public Private Partnerships (PPPs) to develop the Public Rental Housing (PRH) projects, the effective and efficient operation performance measurement should be pivotal for ensuring the success and sustainable development of these projects. Thus, this paper investigated operation performance indicators (OPIs) and measured the performance level of PRH PPP projects by fuzzy-analytic hierarchy process (AHP) comprehensive evaluation (FACE) method. Four important aspects of PRH PPP projects related to the operation performance and an evaluation indicator system of 21 OPIs from these four aspects were developed, the weights of which were calculated by using the AHP method. Based on fuzzy mathematics and the expert evaluation method, all the OPIs were quantitatively graded according to five ranks of evaluation criteria. Membership functions, weights of OPIs, and maximum membership degree principle were utilized to establish a multi-level FACE model for operation performance measurement of PRH PPP projects. One PRH PPP project of Nanjing, Jiangsu Province in China was chosen as the case study. Evaluation results were derived from the proposed model, and they generally conform to the actual situation. This study provides an effective operation performance measurement framework for PRH PPPs projects.

ABSTRACTIn 1996 the Alan K. Campbell Institute in the Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs at Syracuse University was awarded a grant to rate management performance of state and local governments and selected federal agencies. The project includes several parallel initiatives to evaluate government performance. This article contains a description of a multilevel fuzzy rule‐based system developed to evaluate state government performance. The objective is to measure effectiveness in state financial management and produce a relative ranking of performance. The system incorporates evaluation criteria and expert judgment. It utilizes survey and other publicly available information relevant to state financial management. Fuzzy set theory is used to represent imprecision in evaluated information and judgments. The results of this evaluation are compared to a parallel journalistic effort to rank state performance. The article highlights the differences between the two approaches and outlines the advantages of the fuzzy rule‐based system.

Abstract
Background
Changing water quality was prevalent in the current water supply. The fluctuation of iron stability due to changing water quality followed four characteristics: objectivity, relativity, predictability, and controllability. Therefore, it was necessary to study the stability of iron in the pipe network by integrating different water quality factors.

Results
The iron stability risk evaluation system was established according to the different water quality factors in the drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs). Meanwhile, an improved fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was established to evaluate the risk of iron. Chloride, sulfate, dissolved organic matter (DOM) and pH were selected as the risk assessment index. The divisions of different evaluation levels were carried out through the values of water quality factor. On the basis of expert scoring, the weight and membership degree of water quality factors were analyzed by structural entropy method. In addition, risk analysis was established by using the optimized risk assessment system. According to the results of the comprehensive evaluation, DOM and pH were identified as two of the most important factors in the evaluation of the iron stability. In addition, compared with the traditional fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, the optimized method had a higher degree of fit which could more clearly prove the relationship between the risk value and the iron concentration.

Conclusion
The uncertainty between the factors was eliminated by establishment of the fuzzy evaluation method combined with the different effects of water factors on iron stability. The method could be used as a comprehensive evaluation and be beneficial to the analysis of iron risk in water supply network.

AbstractThis chapter describes the issues surrounding evaluation process use in a large, national, multilevel, multisite evaluation funded by the National Science Foundation. Two key questions that emerge from this chapter are to what extent a multilevel core evaluation can affect evaluation process use and what types of process use can be affected.

To develop a strategy for an organization it is important to understand the organization and its surrounding environment. Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat (SWOT) analysis is a famous tool to perform this task precisely by showing the strength, weakness of the organization and the external factors, opportunities and threats that affect its success. The SWOT analysis is commonly used by business; however, non-profit organizations also use the SWOT analysis for decision-making and strategy evaluation. The limitation of SWOT analysis is it does not give weight for the factors and there is no quantified result from the analysis. The methods introduced in this paper are Sugeno lambda measure and Choquet fuzzy integral. Sugeno lambda measure is used for aggregating the importance of characteristics and Choquet fuzzy integral is used for the overall analytical evaluation of strength, weakness, opportunity and threat of a specific organization. A case study has been conducted for a currency exchange office and the region of Pardubice, Czech Republic (CR) to explain the application of the proposed approach for profit and non- profit organizations.