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Reflections from Taiwan on the history of creole & official, linguistic & long-distance nationalisms in Asia & Europe, & their implications for China. Is there any significant difference here between East & West? Adapted from the source document.

This article analyzes ethnic nationalism and liberalism as expressed in the views of Croatians in the aftermath of the 1991-1995 war-a war during which ethnic-nationalist rhetoric played a large role. Because the war was part of systemic change in the nation, including the adoption of more democratic and capitalist social formation, we also anticipated economic and political liberalism to be present among a sizeable portion of the population. The authors provide an analysis of the structrual conditions fostering these sentiments, an analysis potentially applicable to a range of societies presently in transition. The authors find that three out of five Croatians embrace both ethnic-national views and views that are distinctly liberal, suggesting that liberal nationalism is now dominant in Croatia. The characteristics of groups holding differing views suggest that recent events and current changes in Croatia bode positively for continued growth of liberal sentiments, but this will not necessarily be at the expense of ethnic nationalism. (Nations and Nationalism, ECMI)

THE KOREANS' NATIONALIST ROOTS ARE STRONGER THAN THOSE OF OTHER NEWLY-EMERGING COUNTRIES OF THE POST-IMPERIALIST ERA. KOREAN NATIONALISM HAS THREE DIMENSIONS: EXTERNAL NATIONALISM (THE MAINTENANCE OF KOREAN'S IDENTITY AND PRESTIGE BEFORE THE WORLD AND RESISTANCE AGAINST FOREIGN MANIPULATION OR DOMINATION), INTERNAL NATIONALISM (RELATING TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CIVIC CONSCIOUSNESS AND A MODERN POLITY), AND REUNIFICATION NATIONALISM (SEEKING TO OVERCOME THE UNNATURAL DIVISION OF THE KOREAN PEOPLE INTO SEPARATE STATES).

ABSTRACT. There is widespread agreement that nationalism emerged in the historical fountainheads of modernity, and was subsequently diffused outwards. Contrary to that, there is a long standing view that nationalism precedes modernity even in the broadly accepted cradles of both modernity and nationalism, such as England or France, neither of which was modern when it engendered nationalism. Besides, some emergent nationalisms ran concurrent with their English or French counterparts, with little evidence of having been spawned by diffusion. Such early or protonationalisms often sprang from resistance to foreign conquest, putting in doubt the invention‐diffusion hypothesis. I am therefore suggesting that nationalism has not emerged in few societies, but in many, and that it was engendered by social interactions, not by a particular social formation. While nationalism emerges within society, its genesis occurs in‐between social groups and societies, making it a product of their interactions. That makes it u‐topic, its cradles socially diverse, and its conception interactional, not gestational.

For the last two centuries, nationalism has been a central feature of society and politics. Few ideologies can match its power and resonance, and no other political movement and symbolic language has such worldwide appeal and resilience. But nationalism is also a form of public culture and political religion, which draws on much older cultural and symbolic forms.Seeking to do justice to these different facets of nationalism, the second edition of this popular and respected overview has been revised and updated with contemporary developments and the latest scholarly work. It aims to provide a concise and accessible introduction to the core concepts and varieties of nationalist ideology; a clear analysis of the major competing paradigms and theories of nations and nationalism; a critical account of the often opposed histories and periodization of the nation and nationalism; and an assessment of the prospects of nationalism and its continued global power and persistence.Broad and comparative in scope, the book is strongly interdisciplinary, drawing on ideas and insights from history, political science, sociology and anthropology. The focus is theoretical, but it also includes a fresh examination of some of the main historical and contemporary empirical contributions to the literature on the subject. It will continue to be an invaluable resource for students of nationalism across the social sciences.

Why do many of us swell with pride at the sound of the national anthem or sight of the national flag? Why do we use our nationalities to describe who we are? Why do politicians claim to stand for ?national values? above all else?In his new critical study of nationalism, R.J.B. Bosworth explores the origins and purpose of the division of human kind into national groupings. The book explores the history of nationalism, arguing that the present is seeing a dangerous growth of what might be called 'national fundamentalism'. Bosworth suggests that nations work best when they possess the ability t

"Der Ausbruch blutiger fremdenfeindlicher Unruhen in Südafrika im Mai dieses Jahres zeigte das Janusgesicht der angeblich kosmopolitischen 'Regenbogennation'. Aufgrund seiner Geschichte ist Südafrika die afrikanische Nation, in der Xenophobie mit am stärksten in den Köpfen der Bürger verankert ist. Der in vielen Ländern Afrikas aufkeimende neue Nationalismus beinhaltet auch eine politisch instrumentalisierte Abschottung und Ausgrenzung des Fremden. Zwei Hauptgründe dafür sind die zunehmende Mobilität der Menschen unter den Bedingungen der Globalisierung und die auseinanderklaffende Schere zwischen Arm und Reich in Afrika und anderswo. Der neu erwachende Nationalismus gehört zu den wichtigsten politischen Entwicklungen im Rahmen der zweiten Demokratisierungswelle in Afrika; er setzt sich trotz ethnischer Vielfalt und Staatszerfall durch. Dieser 'zweite Nationalismus' unterscheidet sich in Ursachen und Auswirkungen wesentlich von der ersten Welle des afrikanischen Nationalismus der 1960er Jahre. Anders als dieser setzt er weniger auf Einschluss als auf Ausschluss von Bevölkerungsgruppen. Xenophobie ist der Fluch des neuen Nationalismus. Transnationale Mobilität und Migration innerhalb Afrikas verstärken sich unter den Bedingungen des globalen Kapitalismus. Viele afrikanische Gesellschaften haben jahrzehntelang Migranten erfolgreicher integriert als europäische Länder, stoßen aber jetzt an ihre innenpolitisch gesetzten Grenzen. Die zunehmende Kluft zwischen Arm und Reich, innerhalb und zwischen afrikanischen Staaten, führt zum Verdrängungswettbewerb zwischen den Migranten und den armen und perspektivlosen Schichten des Gastlandes. Die Ausgrenzung von den oft seit Generationen im Lande lebenden Migranten als 'Bürger zweiter Klasse' durch die 'wahren Volksgenossen' nimmt unter diesen Bedingungen zu, wenn der Staat nicht rechtzeitig gegensteuert. Andauernde schlechte Regierungsführung leistet einem politisch instrumentalisierten Nationalismus und der Ausgrenzung von politischen Gegnern oder Sündenböcken als 'Fremde' Vorschub." (Autorenreferat)

When the U.S. Constitution was first created and signed, America was a small country with a tiny population. As the country expanded to the south and the west, citizens became more loyal to their state or region and not to the overall nation. This book explores the concept of nationalism, the conditions in the United States that encouraged its growth, and the struggle to preserve the Union despite cultural and political differences within the country. Important elements of nationalism discussed in this book include political parties and elections; policies and programs; people and society; eco