The article examines the present political crisis against the backdrop of the political development in Sudan since 1953. It is noted that Sudan has experienced two broadly different styles of government since independence. Civilian and military regimes have alternated but neither appears to have been able to resolve the fundamental problems of political stability and economic development. The role of Islam as the major area of disagreement in principle between the Sudanese People's Liberation Movement and the military regime is discussed. (DÜI-Sen)
The tragic events in Kazakhstan in early January 2022, when protests against the increase in prices for automobile gas led to mass riots and the loss of control by the authorities over the largest city of Almaty, became the most serious test for the republic in all 30 years of independence. Against the background of the events in the republic, serious personnel changes have taken place. The current president Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, in the conditions of a serious crisis, took over all the remaining posts in the leadership of the country from his predecessor Nursultan Nazarbayev, and also began the process of ousting the clan of the first president from the power structures. Thus, the transit of power in Kazakhstan, launched in 2019, has ended and a new vertical of power and state ideology are currently being formed. The inclusion of the CSTO mission at the request of President Tokayev made it possible to contribute to the stabilization of the situation in the republic in a short time, as well as to receive international support from his closest allies. In the near future, the new government will have to not only quickly form a new management vertical with new priorities, but also respond to a whole range of socio-economic problems that have become one of the key causes of the crisis. The next two years until 2024, when the presidential elections will be held, will be a serious test both for the new management team and for Kazakhstan as a whole.
The Parliament of Georgia operates in a one-party mode. Opposition parties boycott its work demanding annulment of the results of the parliamentary elections due to mass fraud. The ruling "Georgian Dream" is trying to return the opposition to the parliament, offering to discuss and adopt a new election law. On the other hand, the Georgian government threatens to deprive the parties that refuse to work in the parliament of financial support. In the post-election period the top leadership of several major political parties has changed. The founder of the "Georgian Dream" B. Ivanishvili has left politics. N.Melia became the new leader of the United National Movement. After his arrest the internal political situation in Georgia has deteriorated.
